Liquid crystal composition used for phase control of electromagnetic wave signal

A liquid crystal composition which comprises at least one compound selected from a group consisting of compounds represented by Formula (1) as a first component, at least one compound selected from a group consisting of compounds represented by Formula (3) as a second component, and is used for phase control of an electromagnetic wave signal with a frequency of 1 MHz to 400 THz:

• in Formula (1),
• R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and one, two, or more of CH2's present in the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, the alkylthio group, the alkenyl group or the alkenyloxy group may be substituted with —O—, —CO—, or —COO— in which O atoms are not directly bonded to each other;
• R2 represents R1, —CN, —F, —Cl, —CF3, —OCF3, —CF2H, —OCF2H, —NCS, —SF5, or —NO2;
• and ring A1, ring A2, ring A3, and ring A4 independently represent a group represented by any of the following Formulae (I) to (XV), and at least one of ring A2 and ring A3 is a group represented by any of Formulae (I) to (XII);
• in groups of Formulae (I) to (XII),
• at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with —CH3, —CH2CH3, —CH2CH2CH3, —OCH3, —OCH2CH3, —SCH3, or —F;
• and Z1 and Z3 independently represent a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CF2O—, —CH2O—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —CH═CF—, —C≡C—, —C≡C—C≡C—, —COO—, —CH2—, —O—, or —CO—, and Z2 represents —C≡C—C≡C—;
• and
• p and q independently represent 0, 1, or 2, and when p and q are 2, a plurality of rings A1, Z1, Z3, and rings A4 may be the same as or different from each other, and
• in Formula (3), ring A20 and ring A23 independently represent 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidin-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, and ring A21 and ring A22 independently represent 1,4-phenylene, 2,6-naphthylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene or 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene;
• Z20 and Z22 independently represent a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH2O—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF—, —CH═CF—, —C≡C—, —COO—, —CH2—, —O—, or —CO—, and Z21 represents —C≡C—;
• m1 and m2 independently represent 0, 1, or 2, and when m1 and m2 are 2, a plurality of rings A20, rings A23, Z20's, and Z22's may be the same as or different from each other;
• and
• R20 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and R21 represents R20, —CN, —F, —Cl, —CF3, —OCF3, —CF2H, —OCF2H, —NCS, or —SF5.