# US 11,147,568 B2 · Patient selectable joint arthroplasty devices and surgical tools

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- Number: US 11,147,568 B2
- Document ID: US11147568B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/131,791
- Filed: 2018-09-14
- Published: 2019-01-10
- Granted: 2021-10-19
- Earliest claimed: 2003-11-25
- Assignees: ConforMIS, Inc.
- Applicants: ConforMIS, Inc.
- Inventors: Wolfgang Fitz; Philipp Lang; Daniel Steines
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11147568B2

## CPC

- A61B 17/1739: {specially adapted for particular parts of the body}
- A61B 17/15: Guides therefor
- A61B 17/154: {for preparing bone for knee prosthesis}
- A61B 17/155: {Cutting femur}
- A61B 17/157: {Cutting tibia}
- A61B 17/1666: {for the acetabulum}
- A61B 17/1677: {for the patella}
- A61B 17/1682: {for the foot or ankle}
- A61B 17/1703: {using imaging means, e.g. by X-rays}
- A61B 17/1746: {for the acetabulum}
- A61B 17/1767: {for the patella}
- A61F 2/30756: {Cartilage endoprostheses (A61F2/3603 takes precedence)}
- A61F 2/30942: {for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques}
- A61F 2/38: for elbows or knees
- G06F 30/00: Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F 30/10: Geometric CAD
- A61B 5/4504: {Bones (A61B5/4547 takes precedence)}
- A61B 5/4514: {Cartilage}
- A61B 5/4523: {Tendons}
- A61B 5/4528: {Joints (A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence)}
- A61B 5/4533: {Ligaments}
- A61B 17/158: {Cutting patella}
- A61B 17/1675: {for the knee}
- A61B 34/10: Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
- A61B 34/20: Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B 2017/568: {produced with shape and dimensions specific for an individual patient}
- A61B 2034/105: {Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones}
- A61B 2034/108: {Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides}
- B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing
- Y10T 29/49: Method of mechanical manufacture
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C)
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

Disclosed herein are methods, compositions and tools for repairing articular surfaces repair materials and for repairing an articular surface. The articular surface repairs are customizable or highly selectable by patient and geared toward providing optimal fit and function. The surgical tools are designed to be customizable or highly selectable by patient to increase the speed, accuracy and simplicity of performing total or partial arthroplasty.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for making a patient specific surgical tool based at least in part on a joint space width in a joint of a patient, the method comprising:
obtaining image data associated with at least a portion of the joint of the patient;
determining the joint space width of the joint based at least in part on the image data;
determining at least one of a mechanical and an anatomical axis associated with the joint;
generating a patient-specific surgical tool based in part on the joint space width;
wherein the surgical tool includes at least one surface portion having a shape that substantially conforms to a corresponding surface portion of the joint of the patient, and includes a surgical instrument guide having a predetermined position relative to the surface portion such that the surgical instrument guide defines a predetermined cutting or drilling path relative to the at least one of the mechanical and the anatomical axis of the joint when the surface portion is aligned with and placed against the corresponding surface portion of the joint, so as to provide a desired postoperative correction.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint is a knee joint of the patient.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein the knee joint includes a tibiofemoral joint.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein the knee joint includes a patellofemoral joint.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint is a shoulder joint of the patient.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint is a hip joint of the patient.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the image data is derived from an imaging selected from the group consisting of one of a CT scan, a MRI scan, an optical scan, an ultrasound imaging and any combination thereof.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the image data is two dimensional image data.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined at least in part using a single scan plane orientation.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined at least in part using a single scan plane orientation in a sagittal, coronal or axial plane of the joint.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the image data is three dimensional image data.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined at least in part using at least two scan plane orientations.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined at least in part using a first scan plane orientation in a sagittal plane and a second scan plane orientation in a coronal plane.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined at least in part using the distance from the subchondral bone plate of one articular surface of the joint to the subchondral bone plate of an opposing articular surface of the joint.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined at least in part using a cartilage thickness of the joint.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined in more than one region of the joint.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the joint space width is determined in one or more positions from the group of anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, superior and inferior positions.