Methods of incorporating an ad hoc cellular network into a fixed cellular network

A method of establishing a cellular network having backhaul flexibility, comprising:

• establishing, at a first cellular base station, a first connection with a core cellular network;
• establishing, at the first cellular base station, an inter-base station connection with a second cellular base station for relaying traffic from the first and the second cellular base stations to the core cellular network, the second cellular base station having a second connection with the core cellular network;
• determining, at the first cellular base station, if the quality of the first connection falls below a threshold parameter;
• terminating, at the first cellular base station, the first connection in favor of the second connection when the quality of the first connection falls below the threshold parameter;
• and
• providing at the first cellular base station, a local limited core network when a quality of a backhaul connection falls below the threshold parameter, wherein the first and the second connection with the core cellular network are backhaul connections, wherein the first cellular base station comprises a multi-RAT node supporting at least one of a 5G RAT or a combination 4G RAT and a 5G RAT.