Active texture presentation apparatus driven by high-density flexible electromagnetic coil array

A texture presentation apparatus driven by a high-density flexible electromagnetic coil array, comprising:

• a surface layer and a driving layer, wherein
• the surface layer is in direct contact with the fingertip of a finger to ensure interaction safety of a user, is capable of adjusting the friction force when the finger touches and slides on the surface layer, and has a shielding and protection effect on the driving layer;
• the driving layer comprises a stretchable soft substrate and a plurality of micro driving units, each micro driving unit is independently controllable, and the driving layer adjusts the microscopic geometric morphology of a texture surface;
• the texture presentation apparatus is capable of implementing multi-scale fine texture presentation;
• when the fingertip comes into contact with the surface layer, the texture presentation apparatus controls, based on different surface textures of an object to be simulated in a virtual environment, each independently controllable micro driving unit in the driving layer to change geometric features of textures presented by the texture presentation apparatus in real time, to realize macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic multi-scale fine texture simulation.