Processes and systems that deblend and attenuate source ghosts and source signatures in recorded seismic data obtained in a marine survey

A computer system for computing an image of a subterranean formation from a recorded blended pressure wavefield and blended vertical velocity wavefield obtained in a marine survey of the subterranean formation, the system comprising:

• one or more processors;
• one or more data-storage devices;
• and
• machine-readable instructions stored in the one or more data-storage devices that when executed using the one or more processors controls the system to perform the operations comprising:
• computing a blended upgoing pressure wavefield based on the blended pressure wavefield and the blended vertical velocity wavefield;
• computing downgoing vertical velocity wavefield based on notional source signatures of source elements of multiple sources activated in the marine survey;
• computing deblended wavefield with attenuated source signatures and source ghosts based on the blended upgoing pressure wavefield and the downgoing vertical velocity source wavefield;
• and
• generating an image of the subterranean formation based at least in part on the deblended wavefield.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium encoded with machine-readable instructions that implement a method performed by one or more processors of a computer system to perform operations comprising:

• computing blended upgoing pressure wavefield based on a blended pressure wavefield and a blended vertical velocity wavefield recorded in a marine survey of a subterranean formation;
• computing downgoing vertical velocity wavefield based on near-field pressure wavefields generated by source elements of sources activated in the marine survey;
• computing deblended wavefield with attenuated source signatures and source ghosts based on the blended upgoing pressure wavefield and the downgoing vertical velocity source wavefield;
• and
• generating an image of the subterranean formation based at least in part on the deblended wavefield.

Apparatus for generating an image of a subterranean formation from recorded blended pressure wavefield and recorded blended vertical velocity wavefield collected in a marine seismic survey of the subterranean formation, the apparatus comprising:

• means for computing blended upgoing pressure wavefield based on the blended pressure wavefield and the blended vertical velocity wavefield;
• means for computing downgoing vertical velocity wavefield based on near-field pressure wavefields generated by source elements of multiple sources activated in the marine survey;
• means for computing deblended wavefield based on the blended upgoing pressure wavefield and the downgoing vertical velocity source wavefield;
• and
• means for generating an image of the subterranean formation based at least in part on the deblended wavefield.

A method for manufacturing a geophysical data product, the method comprising:

• retrieving recorded blended pressure wavefield and blended vertical velocity wavefield stored in a data-storage device, the recorded blended pressure wavefield and blended vertical velocity wavefield obtained in marine survey of a subterranean formation;
• computing blended upgoing pressure wavefield based on the blended pressure wavefield and the blended vertical velocity wavefield;
• computing downgoing vertical velocity wavefield based on near-field pressure wavefields generated by source elements of multiple sources activated in the marine survey;
• computing deblended wavefield with attenuated source signatures and source ghosts based on the blended upgoing pressure wavefield and the downgoing vertical velocity source wavefield;
• generating an image of the subterranean formation based at least in part on the deblended wavefield;
• and
• storing the image in a non-transitory computer-readable medium.