Vehicle end skeleton structure and rail vehicle having same

A vehicle end skeleton structure, comprising:

• a roof structure (90), the roof structure (90) being a closed frame structure;
• and
• an end energy absorption structure (80), the upper end of the end energy absorption structure (80) being connected with the roof structure (90), and the lower end of the end energy absorption structure (80) being connected with a chassis, the end energy absorption structure (80) comprises a first energy absorption column (81) and a second energy absorption column (82), the first energy absorption column (81) having a first end welded to the roof structure (90) and a second end welded to the chassis;
• and the second energy absorption column (82) having a first end welded to the roof structure (90) and a second end welded to a boundary beam of a vehicle;
• there are two second energy absorption columns (82), the two second energy absorption columns (82) being spaced;
• and there are two first energy absorption columns (81), the two first energy absorption columns (81) being located between the two second energy absorption columns (82);
• the vehicle end skeleton structure further comprising a first anti-expansion plate (83) and a second anti-expansion plate (84), wherein one end of the first anti-expansion plate (83) is connected with the first energy absorption column (81), and the other end of the first anti-expansion plate (83) is connected with the second energy absorption column (82), two ends of the second anti-expansion plate (84) being connected with one first energy absorption column (81) separately;
• an included angle between the second anti-expansion plate (84) and the first anti-expansion plate (83) is an obtuse angle;
• the roof structure (90) comprises:
• a first roof bending beam (91);
• and
• a second roof bending beam (92), welded to the first roof bending beam (91) to jointly define the closed frame structure, the roof structure (90) further comprises a roof longitudinal beam (93), one end of the roof longitudinal beam (93) is connected with the first roof bending beam (91), and the other end is connected with the second roof bending beam (92), there are two roof longitudinal beams (93), the two roof longitudinal beams (93) are spaced, and first ends of the first energy absorption columns (81) are welded to the roof longitudinal beams (93) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a first weight-reducing hole (811) is provided on a side, facing the second energy absorption column (82), of the first energy absorption column (81).