# US 11,122,614 B2 · Adaptive waveform selection in wireless communications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,122,614 B2 - Document ID: US11122614B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/551,281 - Filed: 2019-08-26 - Published: 2019-12-12 - Granted: 2021-09-14 - Earliest claimed: 2016-08-12 - Assignees: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Applicants: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Inventors: Tao Luo; Sony Akkarakaran - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11122614B2 ## CPC - H04W 72/23: in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal - H04L 27/0008: {arrangements for allowing a transmitter or receiver to use more than one type of modulation (negotiating modulation type for two-way transmission paths H04L5/1453)} - H04L 27/2623: {Reduction thereof by clipping} - H04L 27/2636: {with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]} - H04L 27/2646: {using feedback from receiver for adjusting OFDM transmission parameters, e.g. transmission timing or guard interval length} - H04W 74/006: {in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal} - H04B 7/2621: {using frequency division multiple access [FDMA] (H04B7/2615 takes precedence)} - H04L 27/2601: {Multicarrier modulation systems} - H04W 74/0833: Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access - Y02D 30/70: in wireless communication networks - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) - H04B: TRANSMISSION - Y02D: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE ## Abstract Systems and methods of wireless communication in which wireless devices are adapted to implement adaptive waveform selection are disclosed. For example, operation according to embodiments may provide for use of a waveform design that minimizes peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), such as single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM), as well as a waveform design that provides higher spectral efficiency, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), for scenarios that are not power-limited and the higher PAPR is acceptable. Adaptive waveform selection may be based implicitly on one or more parameters or may be based on explicit signaling. Adaptive waveform selection may be utilized with respect to initially establishing a communication link and/or with respect to an established communication link. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for adaptive waveform selection for wireless communication in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: determining, by a wireless device of a wireless communication system, a waveform to use for at least one uplink transmission associated with a random access channel (RACH) procedure which comprises two messages or four messages, wherein the determining of the waveform is based on a system information block (SIB), a first message of the RACH procedure, a second message of the RACH procedure, a measurement, or a combination thereof, and wherein the plurality of waveforms include a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) waveform design and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform design; and transmitting a message corresponding to the RACH procedure based on the determined waveform. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: performing the RACH procedure comprising: transmitting the first message of the RACH procedure; and receiving the second message of the RACH procedure responsive to the first message. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the message corresponding to the RACH procedure comprises an uplink data transmission in the first message. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the first message comprises a physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the second message is responsive to the first message. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein the second message comprises a random access response (RAR). ### Claim 7 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, further comprising: transmitting a third message of the RACH procedure after receipt of the second message; and receiving a fourth message of the RACH procedure. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the message corresponding to the RACH procedure comprises the first message, the third message, or both. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the message corresponding to the RACH procedure comprise the third message. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the fourth message corresponds to completion of the RACH procedure. ### Claim 11 An apparatus for adaptive waveform selection for wireless communication in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; a memory coupled to the at least one processor; and a communication interface coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: determine, from a plurality of waveforms including a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) waveform design and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform design, a waveform to use for at least one uplink transmission associated with a random access channel (RACH) procedure, the waveform determined based on an attribute associated with the RACH procedure, wherein the attribute includes at least one of a system information block (SIB), a first message of the RACH procedure, a second message of the RACH procedure, a measurement, or a combination thereof; and initiate transmission of a message corresponding to the RACH procedure based on the determined waveform. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to determine the waveform based on the first message, the first message comprising a physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the PRACH sequence corresponds to the SC-FDM waveform design and the OFDM waveform design, or both. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the waveform is determined based on the second message, the second message comprising a random access response (RAR). ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the waveform is determined based on the measurement. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the measurement comprises a path-loss measurement. ### Claim 17 A non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon for adaptive waveform selection for wireless communication in a wireless communication system, the program code comprising: program code for causing one or more computers to: determine, from a plurality of waveforms including a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) waveform design and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform design, a waveform to use for at least one uplink transmission associated with a random access channel (RACH) procedure, the waveform is determined based on an attribute associated with the RACH procedure, wherein the attribute includes at least one of a system information block (SIB), a first message of the RACH procedure, a second message of the RACH procedure, a measurement made by a wireless device, or a combination thereof; and initiate transmission of a message corresponding to the RACH procedure based on the determined waveform. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the program code comprises program code for causing the one or more computers to: analyze the attribute. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 18, wherein the waveform is determined based on the analyzed attribute. ### Claim 20 An apparatus for adaptive waveform selection for wireless communication in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising: means for determining, by a wireless device of a wireless communication system, a waveform from a plurality of waveforms to use for at least one uplink transmission associated with a random access channel (RACH) procedure, the plurality of waveforms including a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) waveform design and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform design, the waveform is determined based on an attribute associated with the RACH procedure, and the attribute includes at least one of a system information block (SIB), a first message of the RACH procedure, a second message of the RACH procedure, a measurement made by a wireless device, or a combination thereof, and means for transmitting a message corresponding to the RACH procedure based on the determined waveform. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising: means for receiving the one or more system information blocks (SIBs). ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the one or more SIBs are received in one or more broadcast downlink messages. ### Claim 23 (depends on 20) The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising: initiating the RACH procedure. ### Claim 24 (depends on 20) The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the RACH procedure corresponds to a long term evolution (LTE) RACH procedure. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the RACH procedure comprises four messages. ### Claim 26 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, to determine the waveform for the at least one uplink signal transmission, the at least one processor is further configured to select the waveform without having received explicit parameter configuration of a waveform selection in the SIB. ### Claim 27 A method for adaptive waveform selection for wireless communication in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: determining, by a wireless device of a wireless communication system, a waveform to use for at least one uplink transmission associated with a random access channel (RACH) procedure, the determining is based on an attribute associated with the RACH procedure, wherein the attribute includes at least one of a system information block (SIB), a first message of the RACH procedure, a second message of the RACH procedure, a measurement, or a combination thereof, and wherein the waveform is determined from a plurality of waveforms including a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) waveform design and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform design; and transmitting a message corresponding to the RACH procedure based on the determined waveform. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, further comprising: performing the RACH procedure comprising: transmitting the first message of the RACH procedure; and receiving the second message of the RACH procedure responsive to the first message. ### Claim 29 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the message corresponding to the RACH procedure comprises an uplink data transmission in the first message. ### Claim 30 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, further comprising: transmitting a third message of the RACH procedure after receipt of the second message; and receiving a fourth message of the RACH procedure. ### Claim 31 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the RACH procedure comprises four messages. ### Claim 32 An apparatus for adaptive waveform selection for wireless communication in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; a memory coupled to the at least one processor; and a communication interface coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: determine a waveform to use for at least one uplink transmission associated with a random access channel (RACH) procedure which comprises two messages or four messages, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine the waveform based on a system information block (SIB), a first message of the RACH procedure, a second message of the RACH procedure, a measurement, or a combination thereof, and wherein the plurality of waveforms include a single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) waveform design and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform design; and initiate transmission of a message corresponding to the RACH procedure based on the determined waveform. ### Claim 33 (depends on 32) The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the RACH procedure comprises four messages.