# US 11,122,467 B2 · Service aware load imbalance detection and root cause identification > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,122,467 B2 - Document ID: US11122467B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/718,517 - Filed: 2019-12-18 - Published: 2020-04-23 - Granted: 2021-09-14 - Earliest claimed: 2018-12-18 - Assignees: VMware, Inc. - Applicants: Vmware, Inc. - Inventors: Sarabjot Singh; Srikanth Hariharan; Adnan Raja; Manu Sharma; Aditya Gudipati - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11122467B2 ## CPC - H04W 24/02: Arrangements for optimising operational condition - H04L 5/0057: {Physical resource allocation for CQI} - H04L 5/0094: {Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated} - H04L 41/0631: using root cause analysis; using analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis - H04L 41/14: Network analysis or design - H04L 41/22: comprising specially adapted graphical user interfaces [GUI] - H04L 43/0876: Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level - H04W 24/04: Arrangements for maintaining operational condition - H04W 24/10: Scheduling measurement reports {; Arrangements for measurement reports} - H04W 28/0861: {between base stations} - H04W 36/04: Reselecting a cell layer in multi-layered cells - H04W 36/22: for handling the traffic - H04W 48/12: using downlink control channel - H04W 72/23: in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal - H04L 43/0888: Throughput - H04L 43/16: Threshold monitoring - H04W 36/00833: {Handover statistics} - H04W 88/18: Service support devices; Network management devices - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A system can include a network analysis platform that applies performance models to determine if a load imbalance exists at a cell, such as at a base station. The performance models are pre-trained based on network telemetry data. For a session at a cell, an expected load can be compared to an actual load to determine whether the session is impacted by a load imbalance. If the number of impacted sessions exceeds a threshold, the base station can be highlighted on a GUI. Additionally, the network analysis platform can perform root cause analysis of a victim cell based on session handoff analysis to determine how to decrease the imbalance impacts. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for identifying load imbalances in a telco network, comprising: receiving telemetry data; determining an actual throughput for a first session at a first base station of a plurality of base stations; predicting an expected throughput for the first session based on a normalized load at the first base station, wherein the normalized load relates to loads across the plurality of base stations; determining that the expected throughput exceeds the actual throughput by at least a threshold amount; and indicating, on a graphical user interface (“GUI”), a load imbalance exists with respect to the first base station. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the normalized load is determined based on features corresponding to at least one of: a utilization level of a downlink control channel across the plurality of base stations, an average number of users waiting in a queue of any of the plurality of base stations, a fraction of resources available on average to a user, an average utilization of a data channel of the base station, and a number of physical resource blocks available, on average, at the plurality of base stations. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining that a number outgoing of session handoffs from the base station exceeds a number of incoming session handoffs to the base station; and indicating that improved load balancing for the base station can be achieved by at least one of offloading additional traffic from the base station and reconfiguring load balancing parameters for the base station. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining that a number of incoming session handoffs to the base station exceeds a number of outgoing session handoffs from the base station; and grouping the incoming session handoffs as triggered by a vendor or based on a Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein, based on a majority of the incoming session handoffs being grouped as triggered by a vendor, indicating that the vendor's load balancing parameters is a root cause. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein, based on a majority of the incoming session handoffs being grouped as based on the LTE standard, indicating that a coverage footprint of the base station is a root cause. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein a same performance model is used to determine actual throughput and predict the expected throughput. ### Claim 8 A non-transitory, computer-readable medium containing instructions that, when executed by a hardware-based processor, performs stages for identifying load imbalances in a telco network, the stages comprising: receiving telemetry data; determining an actual throughput for a first session at a first base station of a plurality of base stations; predicting an expected throughput for the first session based on a normalized load at the first base station, wherein the normalized load relates to loads across the plurality of base stations; determining that the expected throughput exceeds the actual throughput by at least a threshold amount; and indicating, on a graphical user interface (“GUI”), a load imbalance exists with respect to the first base station. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the normalized load is determined based on features correspond to at least one of: a utilization level of a downlink control channel across the plurality of base stations, an average number of users waiting in a queue of any of the plurality of base stations, a fraction of resources available on average to a user, an average utilization of a data channel of the base station, and a number of physical resource blocks available, on average, at the plurality of base stations. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, the stages further comprising: determining that a number outgoing of session handoffs from the base station exceeds a number of incoming session handoffs to the base station; and indicating that improved load balancing for the base station can be achieved by at least one of offloading additional traffic from the base station, and reconfiguring load balancing parameters for the base station. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, the stages further comprising: determining that a number of incoming session handoffs to the base station exceeds a number of outgoing session handoffs from the base station; and grouping the incoming session handoffs as triggered by a vendor or based on a Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein, based on a majority of the incoming session handoffs are grouped as triggered by a vendor, indicating that the vendor's load balancing parameters is a root cause. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein, based on a majority of the incoming session handoffs are grouped as based on the LTE standard, indicating that a coverage footprint of the base station is a root cause. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein a same performance model is used to determine actual throughput and predict the expected throughput. ### Claim 15 A system for identifying load imbalances in a telco network, comprising: a memory storage including a non-transitory, computer-readable medium comprising instructions; and a computing device including a hardware-based processor that executes the instructions to carry out stages comprising: receiving telemetry data; determining an actual throughput for a first session at a first base station of a plurality of base stations; predicting an expected throughput for the first session based on a normalized load at the first base station, wherein the normalized load relates to loads across the plurality of base stations; determining that the expected throughput exceeds the actual throughput by at least a threshold amount; and indicating, on a graphical user interface (“GUI”), a load imbalance exists with respect to the first base station. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the normalized load is determined based on features correspond to at least one of: a utilization level of a downlink control channel across the plurality of base stations, an average number of users waiting in a queue of any of the plurality of base stations, a fraction of resources available on average to a user, an average utilization of a data channel of the base station, and a number of physical resource blocks available, on average, at the plurality of base stations. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, the stages further comprising: determining that a number outgoing of session handoffs from the base station exceeds a number of incoming session handoffs to the base station; and indicating that improved load balancing for the base station can be achieved by at least one of offloading additional traffic from the base station, and reconfiguring load balancing parameters for the base station. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, the stages further comprising: determining that a number of incoming session handoffs to the base station exceeds a number of outgoing session handoffs from the base station; and grouping the incoming session handoffs as triggered by a vendor or based on a Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein, based on a majority of the incoming session handoffs are grouped as triggered by a vendor, indicating that the vendor's load balancing parameters is a root cause. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein, based on a majority of the incoming session handoffs are grouped as based on the LTE standard, indicating that a coverage footprint of the base station is a root cause.