# US 11,121,676 B1 · Methods and circuits for harmonic suppression > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,121,676 B1 - Document ID: US11121676B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 16/596,358 - Filed: 2019-10-08 - Granted: 2021-09-14 - Earliest claimed: 2019-10-08 - Assignees: Dialog Semiconductor GmbH - Applicants: Dialog Semiconductor B.V. - Inventors: Ao Ba - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11121676B1 ## CPC - H03F 1/0233: {by using a signal derived from the output signal, e.g. bootstrapping the voltage supply} - H03F 1/3205: {in field-effect transistor amplifiers} - H03F 3/2173: {of the bridge type} - H03F 3/245: {with semiconductor devices only} - H03H 7/0115: {comprising only inductors and capacitors (H03H7/075, H03H7/09, H03H7/12, H03H7/13 take precedence)} - H03F 1/565: {using inductive elements} - H03F 3/195: in integrated circuits - H03F 2200/165: A filter circuit coupled to the input of an amplifier - H03F 2200/451: the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier - H03F 2200/537: A transformer being used as coupling element between two amplifying stages - H03F 2200/541: Transformer coupled at the output of an amplifier - H03H 7/09: Filters comprising mutual inductance - H03H 7/1766: {Parallel LC in series path (H03H7/1783 takes precedence)} - H03H 2007/013: {Notch or bandstop filters} - H03F: AMPLIFIERS - H03H: IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS (waveguides, resonators, lines or other devices of the waveguide type H01P) ## Abstract The present document discloses circuits and methods for providing an output voltage at an output port. In one of the embodiments, a circuit has a power amplifier having an output. In particular, the circuit may have a first transformer including a first coil and a second coil. Moreover, the circuit may have a first capacitor connected in parallel to the first coil and a second capacitor connected in parallel to the second coil. More particularly, the circuit may be adapted to have a first end of the first coil connected to the output of the power amplifier, and a second end of the first coil connected to the output port of the circuit. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A circuit for providing an output voltage at an output port, the circuit comprising: a power amplifier having an output; a first transformer including a first coil and a second coil; a first capacitor connected in parallel to the first coil; and a second capacitor connected in parallel to the second coil; wherein a first end of the first coil is connected to the output of the power amplifier, and wherein a second end of the first coil is connected to the output port of the circuit, wherein the first coil, second coil, first capacitor and second capacitor are configured such that a signal provided at the output port of the circuit corresponds to a notch filtered version of a signal provided at the output of the power amplifier, and wherein said notch filtering is adapted to suppress two harmonics of the signal provided at the output of the power amplifier. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the power amplifier comprises a second transformer having a first and a second coil, wherein a first end of the first coil of the second transformer is connected to the output of the power amplifier. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The circuit according to claim 2, wherein the power amplifier is a differential switching-mode power amplifier and/or a power amplifier of a Bluetooth Low Energy device. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The circuit according to claim 2, wherein the first and second coils of the first transformer and the first and second coils of the second transformer are formed as spiral inductors. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The circuit according to claim 4, wherein the spiral inductors forming the first and second coils of the first transformer are positioned inside the spiral inductors forming the first and second coils of the second transformer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The circuit according to claim 5, wherein the spiral inductor forming the second coil of the first transformer is positioned inside the spiral inductor forming the first coil of the first transformer. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The circuit according to claim 4, wherein said spiral inductors are formed on the same surface as on-chip planar microstrip spiral inductors. ### Claim 8 A circuit for providing an output voltage at an output port, the circuit comprising: a power amplifier comprising a transformer, wherein the transformer comprises a first and a second transformer coil; a first coil and a second coil; and a capacitor connected by one end to a first end of the first coil; wherein: the first end of the first coil is connected to a second end of the second coil, a first end of the second coil is the output port of the circuit, a first end of the first transformer coil is connected to a second end of the first coil, and wherein the first transformer coil and the first coil are configured to be inductively coupled by a first coupling factor, and wherein the first transformer coil and the second coil are configured to be inductively coupled by a second coupling factor. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The circuit according to claim 8, wherein the first coil, second coil and capacitor are configured such as to generate a signal at the output port of the circuit corresponding to a notch filtered version of a signal provided at the first end of the first transformer coil. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The circuit according to claim 9, wherein said notch filtering is adapted to suppress a harmonic of the signal provided at the first end of the first transformer coil, or match a load connected to the output port of the circuit. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The circuit according to claim 8, wherein the power amplifier is a differential switching-mode power amplifier, or wherein the power amplifier is a differential switching-mode power amplifier of a Bluetooth Low Energy device. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The circuit according to claim 8, wherein the first and second transformer coils and the first and second coils are formed as spiral inductors. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The circuit according to claim 12, wherein the spiral inductors forming the first and second coils are positioned inside the spiral inductors forming the first and second transformer coils. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The circuit according to claim 13, wherein the spiral inductors forming the first and second coils are positioned adjacently and are connected in series inside the spiral inductors forming the first and second transformer coils. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The circuit according to claim 12, wherein said spiral inductors are formed on the same surface as on-chip planar microstrip spiral inductors. ### Claim 16 A method for providing an output voltage at an output port, the method comprising: providing a power amplifier having an output; providing a first transformer including a first coil and a second coil; providing a first capacitor; connecting the first capacitor in parallel to the first coil; providing a second capacitor; connecting the second capacitor in parallel to the second coil; connecting a first end of the first coil to the output of the power amplifier; connecting a second end of the first coil to the output port, such as to generate a signal at the output port corresponding to a filtered version of a signal provided at the output of the power amplifier; configuring the first coil, second first capacitor and second capacitor such that said signal generated at the output port corresponds to a notch filtered version of the signal provided at the output of the power amplifier; and notch filtering said signal provided at the output of the power amplifier such as to suppress two harmonics. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method according to claim 16, wherein the power amplifier comprises a second transformer having a first and a second coil, the method comprising connecting a first end of the first coil of the second transformer to the output of the power amplifier. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method according to claim 17, wherein providing the power amplifier includes providing a differential switching-mode power amplifier, and/or providing a power amplifier of a Bluetooth Low Energy device. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method according to claim 17, further comprising forming the first and second coils of the first transformer and the first and second coils of the second transformer as spiral inductors. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein forming the first and second coils of the first transformer as spiral inductors includes arranging the first and second coils of the first transformer inside the spiral inductors forming the first and second coils of the second transformer. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The method according to claim 20, wherein forming the second coil of the first transformer as a spiral inductor includes arranging the second coil inside the spiral inductor forming the first coil of the first transformer. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein forming said spiral inductors includes forming the spiral inductors on the same surface as on-chip planar microstrip spiral inductors. ### Claim 23 A method for providing an output voltage at an output port, the method comprising: providing a power amplifier comprising a transformer, wherein the transformer comprises a first and a second transformer coil; providing a first coil and a second coil; connecting a first end of the first coil to a second end of the second coil; connecting a first end of the first transformer coil to a second end of the first coil; connecting a first end of the second coil to the output port; providing a capacitor; connecting said capacitor by one end to the first end of the first coil; configuring the first transformer coil and the first coil to be inductively coupled by a first coupling factor, and configuring the first transformer coil and the second coil to be inductively coupled by a second coupling factor, such that a signal provided at the output port corresponds to a filtered version of a signal provided at the first end of the first transformer coil. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) The method according to claim 23, further comprising configuring the first coil, second coil and capacitor such that the signal provided at the output port corresponds to a notch filtered version of the signal provided at the first end of the first transformer coil. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The method according to claim 24, comprising: notch filtering the signal provided at the first end of the first transformer coil to suppress a harmonic of the signal, or to match a load connected to the output port. ### Claim 26 (depends on 23) The method according to claim 23, wherein providing the power amplifier includes providing a differential switching-mode power amplifier or providing a differential switching-mode power amplifier of a Bluetooth Low Energy device. ### Claim 27 (depends on 23) The method according to claim 23, comprising forming the first and second transformer coils and the first and second coils as spiral inductors. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The method according to claim 27, wherein forming the first and second coils as spiral inductors includes arranging the first and second coils inside the spiral inductors forming the first and second transformer coils. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The method according to claim 28, wherein forming the first and second coils as spiral inductors includes arranging the first and second coils adjacently and connecting the first and second coils in series inside the spiral inductors forming the first and second transformer coils. ### Claim 30 (depends on 27) The method according to claim 27, wherein forming said spiral inductors comprises forming the spiral inductors on the same surface as on-chip planar microstrip spiral inductors.