# US 11,121,592 B2 · Electric machine core with arcuate grain orientation

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- Number: US 11,121,592 B2
- Document ID: US11121592B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/377,853
- Filed: 2019-04-08
- Published: 2020-10-08
- Granted: 2021-09-14
- Earliest claimed: 2019-04-08
- Assignees: GM Global Technology Operations LLC
- Applicants: GM Global Technology Operations LLC
- Inventors: Alireza Fatemi; Derek F. Lahr; James B. Borgerson
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11121592B2

## CPC

- H02K 1/02: characterised by the magnetic material
- H02K 1/246: {Variable reluctance rotors}
- H02K 1/148: {Sectional cores (H02K1/141 takes precedence)}
- H02K 1/16: Stator cores with slots for windings
- H02K 15/02: of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K 15/022: with salient poles
- H02K 19/103: {Motors having windings on the stator and a variable reluctance soft-iron rotor without windings}
- H02K 41/06: Rolling motors, i.e. motors having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis and following a circular path as the rotor rolls around the inside or outside of the stator {; Nutating motors, i.e. having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis inclined with respect to the stator axis and performing a nutational movement as the rotor rolls on the stator}
- B60K 1/00: Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units (B60K7/00 takes precedence; arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion B60K6/00)
- B60Y 2400/60: Electric Machines, e.g. motors or generators
- H02K 2201/18: Machines moving with multiple degrees of freedom
- H02K: DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES (dynamo-electric relays H01H53/00; conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power {H03K3/53})
- B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60Y: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY

## Abstract

A rotary electric machine, e.g., a cycloidal reluctance motor, includes a stator having stator teeth connected to a cylindrical stator core, and a rotor having a cylindrical rotor core. The stator core and/or rotor core are constructed of grain-oriented, spirally-wound ferrous material having a circular or annular grain orientation. The stator teeth may be constructed of grain-oriented steel having a linear grain orientation. Notches may be spaced around an inner circumferential surface of the stator core, with each stator tooth engaged with a respective notch. The rotor may be eccentrically positioned radially within the stator. The rotor core may define notches spaced around its outer circumferential surface, with salient rotor projections engaged with a respective rotor notch. The machine in such an embodiment may be a switched reluctance rotor. An electrical system using the machine and a method of manufacturing the machine are also disclosed.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A rotary electric machine, comprising:
a stator having a cylindrical stator core and a plurality of stator teeth connected to and radially-projecting from the cylindrical stator core;
a rotor surrounded by the stator and having a cylindrical rotor core, wherein the rotor is eccentrically positioned radially within the stator such that the rotary electric machine is a cycloidal electrical machine having two degrees of freedom of motion, and wherein one or both of the cylindrical stator core and the cylindrical rotor core is constructed of a grain-oriented ferrous material having a circular or arcuate grain orientation; and
a rotor constraint mechanism connected to the rotor and configured to constrain motion of the rotor to thereby enable the rotor to generate and transmit output torque to a load in at least one of the two degrees of freedom of motion.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The rotary electric machine of claim 1, wherein the cylindrical stator core and the cylindrical rotor core are both constructed of the grain-oriented ferrous material.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The rotary electric machine of claim 1, wherein each respective stator tooth of the plurality of stator teeth is constructed of a grain-oriented ferrous material having a linear or radial grain orientation with respect to a center axis of the cylindrical stator core.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The rotary electric machine of claim 1, wherein the cylindrical stator core defines a plurality of notches spaced around an inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical stator core, and wherein each respective stator tooth of the plurality of stator teeth is engaged with a respective one of the plurality of notches.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The rotary electric machine of claim 1, wherein the cycloidal electric machine is a cycloidal reluctance motor.

### Claim 6

The rotary electric machine 1, the rotor having a plurality of salient rotor projections, wherein the cylindrical rotor core defines a plurality of notches spaced around an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical rotor core, and wherein each respective rotor projection of the plurality of salient rotor projections is engaged with a respective one of the plurality of notches of the rotor.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The rotary electric machine of claim 1, wherein the rotor includes a plurality of rotor teeth constructed of the grain-oriented ferrous material having a linear or radial grain orientation with respect to a center axis of the cylindrical rotor core.

### Claim 8

An electrical system comprising:
a power supply; and
a rotary electric machine electrically driven via a voltage from the power supply, and having:
a rotor having a rotary axis and a cylindrical rotor core;
a stator having a center axis, a cylindrical stator core, and plurality of stator teeth connected to and radially-projecting from the cylindrical stator core, wherein at least one of the cylindrical stator core and the cylindrical rotor core is constructed of a grain-oriented ferrous material having a circular or arcuate grain orientation; and a load coupled to and configured to be driven by the rotor when the stator is energized by the power supply, wherein the rotor is eccentrically positioned radially within the stator such that the rotary electric machine is a cycloidal electrical machine having two degrees of freedom of motion, including rotating motion about the rotary axis of the rotor and orbiting motion about the center axis of the stator; and
a rotor constraint mechanism connected to and configured to constrain motion of the rotor to enable the rotor to generate and transmit output torque to a load in at least one of the two degrees of freedom of motion.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The electrical system of claim 8, wherein the cylindrical stator core and the cylindrical rotor core are both constructed of the grain-oriented ferrous material.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The electrical system of claim 8, wherein each respective stator tooth of the plurality of stator teeth is constructed of a grain-oriented ferrous material having a linear grain orientation.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The electrical system of claim 8, wherein the cylindrical stator core defines a plurality of notches spaced around an inner circumferential surface of the stator core, and wherein each respective stator tooth of the plurality of stator teeth is engaged with a respective one of the plurality of notches.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The electrical system of claim 8, the rotor including a plurality of salient rotor projections, wherein the cylindrical rotor core defines a plurality of notches spaced around an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical rotor core, and wherein each respective rotor projection of the plurality of salient rotor projections is engaged with a respective one of the plurality of notches of the cylindrical rotor core.

### Claim 13 (depends on 8)

The electrical system of claim 8, wherein the rotor includes a plurality of rotor teeth constructed of a grain-oriented ferrous material having a linear or radial grain orientation with respect to the rotary axis of the rotor.

### Claim 14

A method of constructing a cylindrical rotor core for a rotary electric machine, the method comprising:
forming a cylindrical rotor core, including winding an elongated strip of grain-oriented electrical steel (GOES) having a linear grain orientation into one or more circular turns, each of the turns having a circular or arcuate grain orientation along a respective plane of the one or more circular turns and then joining the circular turns together to form the cylindrical rotor core;
constructing a rotor of the rotary electric machine using the cylindrical rotor core;
eccentrically positioning the rotor radially within a stator of the rotary electric machine, such that the rotor has two degrees of freedom of motion, including rotating motion about a rotary axis of the rotor and orbiting motion about a center axis of the stator; and
connecting the rotor to a rotor constraint mechanism to thereby constrain motion of the rotor and thereby enable the rotor to generate and transmit output torque to a load in at least one of the two degrees of freedom of motion.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, wherein winding the elongated strip of GOES into one or more circular turns includes spirally-winding the elongated strip to form a helical coil having a plurality of circular turns, and then joining the plurality of circular turns together to form the cylindrical rotor core.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, the method further comprising:
connecting a plurality of radially-projecting rotor teeth having a linear grain orientation to the cylindrical rotor core such that the linear grain orientation is radial with respect to the rotary axis of the cylindrical rotor core.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, further comprising:
winding another elongated strip of GOES having the linear grain orientation into one or more additional circular turns each having a circular or arcuate grain orientation along a respective plane of the one or more additional circular turns;
joining the circular turns together to form a cylindrical stator core; and
constructing the stator of the rotary electric machine using the cylindrical stator core.