# US 11,121,586 B2 · Systems and methods for wirelessly transmitting power and data to an implantable stimulator

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- Number: US 11,121,586 B2
- Document ID: US11121586B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/536,760
- Filed: 2019-08-09
- Published: 2019-12-05
- Granted: 2021-09-14
- Earliest claimed: 2018-05-31
- Assignees: Advanced Bionics AG
- Applicants: Advanced Bionics AG
- Inventors: R. Tissa Karunasiri
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11121586B2

## CPC

- A61N 1/36038: {Cochlear stimulation}
- A61N 1/37252: {Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data}
- A61N 1/3787: {from an external energy source}
- G01R 23/02: Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
- G06F 1/04: Generating or distributing clock signals or signals derived directly therefrom
- H01Q 1/248: {provided with an AC/DC converting device, e.g. rectennas}
- H02J 50/27: characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
- H02J 50/80: involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
- H04R 1/1025: Accumulators specially adapted for earpieces; Arrangements specially adapted for charging thereof
- H04R 25/70: {Adaptation of deaf aid to hearing loss, e.g. initial electronic fitting}
- A61F 2/18: Internal ear or nose parts, e.g. ear-drums {(implants for middle ear ventilation or drainage A61F11/202)}
- A61F 2002/183: {Ear parts}
- A61N 1/025: {Digital circuitry features of electrotherapy devices, e.g. memory, clocks, processors}
- A61N 1/3727: {characterised by the modulation technique}
- A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B)
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72)
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H04R: LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS (producing sounds with frequency not determined by supply frequency G10K)
- A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C)

## Abstract

A system includes an interface assembly and electronic circuitry. The interface assembly is configured to receive DC power and a self-clocking differential signal comprising a data signal encoded with a clock signal at a clock frequency. The electronic circuitry is configured to recover, from the self-clocking differential signal, the data signal and the clock signal at the clock frequency, and to generate, based on the recovered clock signal at the clock frequency, a first synthesized clock signal at a first carrier frequency and a second synthesized clock signal at a second carrier frequency. The electronic circuitry is also configured to wirelessly transmit AC power and a data-modulated AC signal to an implantable stimulator implanted within a patient. The AC power is at the first carrier frequency and based on the DC power, while the data-modulated AC signal is at the second carrier frequency and based on the recovered data signal.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system comprising:
an interface assembly configured to
receive direct current (DC) power, and
receive a self-clocking differential signal comprising a data signal encoded with a clock signal at a clock frequency; and
electronic circuitry configured to
recover, from the self-clocking differential signal, the data signal and the clock signal at the clock frequency,
generate, based on the recovered clock signal at the clock frequency, a first synthesized clock signal at a first carrier frequency and a second synthesized clock signal at a second carrier frequency,
wirelessly transmit, to an implantable stimulator implanted within a patient and based on the DC power, alternating current (AC) power at the first carrier frequency, and
wirelessly transmit, to the implantable stimulator and based on the recovered data signal, a data-modulated AC signal at the second carrier frequency.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising a housing within which the interface assembly and the electronic circuitry are disposed; and
wherein:
the interface assembly is communicatively coupled, by way of a cable, to a sound processor external to the patient and to the housing; and
the interface assembly is configured to receive the DC power and the self-clocking differential signal from the sound processor by way of the cable.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, implemented as a headpiece included within a cochlear implant system associated with the patient, wherein:
the implantable stimulator is implemented as a cochlear implant included within the cochlear implant system;
the data signal is representative of data configured for use by the cochlear implant; and
the electronic circuitry is configured to wirelessly transmit the AC power and the data-modulated AC signal transcutaneously to the cochlear implant while the cochlear implant is implanted within the patient.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the second carrier frequency at which the electronic circuitry is configured to generate the second synthesized clock signal is at least twice as twice as high as the first carrier frequency at which the electronic circuitry is configured to generate the first synthesized clock signal.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the system is configured to operate in one mode of operation at a time from a plurality of supported modes of operation including:
a normal mode of operation in which
the interface assembly receives the DC power by way of a first conductor within a cable and receives the self-clocking differential signal by way of a second conductor and a third conductor within the cable, and
the electronic circuitry performs the recovery of the data signal and the clock signal, the generation of the first and second synthesized clock signals, the wireless transmission of the AC power, and the wireless transmission of the data-modulated AC signal; and
a setup mode of operation in which
the interface assembly receives the DC power by way of the first conductor, receives a setup data signal by way of the second conductor, and receives a setup clock signal by way of the third conductor, and
rather than performing the recovery of the data signal and the clock signal, the generation of the first and second synthesized clock signals, the wireless transmission of the AC power, and the wireless transmission of the data-modulated AC signal, the electronic circuitry performs one or more system setup operations based on the setup data signal and the setup clock signal.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The system of claim 5, wherein:
the electronic circuitry includes a first clock control loop circuit configured to perform the generating of the first synthesized clock signal and a second clock control loop circuit configured to perform the generating of the second synthesized clock signal; and
the one or more system setup operations performed by the electronic circuitry in the setup mode of operation include register configuration operations to set up the first clock control loop circuit to generate the first synthesized clock signal at the first carrier frequency, and to set up the second clock control loop circuit to generate the second synthesized clock signal at the second carrier frequency.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising a single antenna coil, and wherein:
the electronic circuitry wirelessly transmits the AC power to the implantable stimulator at the first carrier frequency by way of the single antenna coil; and
the electronic circuitry wirelessly transmits the data-modulated AC signal to the implantable stimulator at the second carrier frequency further by way of the single antenna coil.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a first antenna coil, and
a second antenna coil distinct from the first antenna coil; and
wherein:
the electronic circuitry wirelessly transmits the AC power to the implantable stimulator at the first carrier frequency by way of the first antenna coil; and
the electronic circuitry wirelessly transmits the data-modulated AC signal to the implantable stimulator at the second carrier frequency by way of the second antenna coil.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a housing within which the interface assembly and the electronic circuitry are disposed; and
a microphone communicatively coupled, by way of a cable, to a sound processor external to the patient and to the housing;
wherein:
the microphone is configured to detect sound presented to the patient and to generate and provide, to the sound processor, a signal representative of the sound, and
the data signal is generated by the sound processor based on the signal representative of the sound.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the electronic circuitry is further configured to:
access a fixed DC power having a voltage that is fixed at a particular level by deriving the fixed DC power from the received DC power or by recovering the fixed DC power from the self-clocking differential signal; and
use the fixed DC power to perform the recovery of the data signal and the clock signal and to perform the generation of the first and second synthesized clock signals.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein:
the data signal is encoded with the clock signal at the clock frequency using a Manchester clock encoding technique or using a biphase-mark clock encoding technique; and
the electronic circuitry is configured to recover the data signal and the clock signal in accordance with the Manchester clock encoding technique or the biphase-mark clock encoding technique.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, implemented as a headpiece included within a cochlear implant system, the headpiece configured to be powered exclusively by power received from a sound processor included within the cochlear implant system such that no battery is disposed within the headpiece.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to wirelessly transmit the data-modulated AC signal using an on-off keying modulation technique.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the electronic circuitry is further configured to wirelessly receive, from the implantable stimulator to which the electronic circuitry wirelessly transmits the AC power and the data-modulated AC signal, an additional data-modulated AC signal upon which back-telemetry data is modulated.

### Claim 15

An application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) configured to:
receive direct current (DC) power and a self-clocking differential signal comprising a data signal encoded with a clock signal at a clock frequency;
recover, from the self-clocking differential signal, the data signal and the clock signal at the clock frequency;
generate, based on the recovered clock signal at the clock frequency, a first synthesized clock signal at a first carrier frequency and a second synthesized clock signal at a second carrier frequency;
wirelessly transmit, to an implantable stimulator implemented within a patient and based on the DC power, alternating current (AC) power at the first carrier frequency; and
wirelessly transmit, to the implantable stimulator and based on the recovered data signal, a data-modulated AC signal at the second carrier frequency.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The ASIC of claim 15, wherein the second carrier frequency at which the ASIC is configured to generate the second synthesized clock signal is at least twice as twice as high as the first carrier frequency at which the ASIC is configured to generate the first synthesized clock signal.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The ASIC of claim 15, wherein the ASIC is configured to operate in one mode of operation at a time from a plurality of supported modes of operation including:
a normal mode of operation in which the ASIC is configured to
perform the receiving of the DC power by way of a first input pin and the receiving of the self-clocking differential signal by way of a second input pin and a third input pin, and
perform the recovery of the data signal and the clock signal, the generation of the first and second synthesized clock signals, the wireless transmission of the AC power, and the wireless transmission of the data-modulated AC signal; and
a setup mode of operation in which the ASIC is configured to
perform the receiving of the DC power by way of the first input pin,
receive a setup data signal by way of the second input pin
receive a setup clock signal by way of the third input pin, and
perform one or more system setup operations based on the setup data signal and the setup clock signal, rather than performing the recovery of the data signal and the clock signal, the generation of the first and second synthesized clock signals, the wireless transmission of the AC power, and the wireless transmission of the data-modulated AC signal.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The ASIC of claim 17, wherein:
the ASIC includes a data storage interface configured to communicatively couple the ASIC with an external data storage device; and
the one or more system setup operations configured to be performed by the ASIC in the setup mode of operation include read and write operations to the external data storage device by way of the data storage interface.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The ASIC of claim 17, wherein:
the ASIC includes integrated data storage space; and
the one or more system setup operations configured to be performed by the ASIC in the setup mode of operation include read and write operations to the integrated data storage space.

### Claim 20

A method comprising:
receiving direct current (DC) power and a self-clocking differential signal comprising a data signal encoded with a clock signal at a clock frequency;
recovering, from the self-clocking differential signal, the data signal and the clock signal at the clock frequency;
generating, based on the recovered clock signal at the clock frequency, a first synthesized clock signal at a first carrier frequency and a second synthesized clock signal at a second carrier frequency;
wirelessly transmitting, to an implantable stimulator implanted within a patient and based on the DC power, alternating current (AC) power at the first carrier frequency; and
wirelessly transmitting, to the implantable stimulator and based on the recovered data signal, a data-modulated AC signal at the second carrier frequency.