# US 11,114,890 B2 · DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus with bidirectional protection function > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,114,890 B2 - Document ID: US11114890B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/852,051 - Filed: 2020-04-17 - Published: 2021-06-10 - Granted: 2021-09-07 - Earliest claimed: 2019-09-04 - Assignees: Delta Electronics, Inc. - Applicants: Delta Electronics, Inc. - Inventors: Sheng-Jian Chen; Chia-Chang Hsu; Zong-Jin Chuang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11114890B2 ## CPC - H02J 9/061: {for DC powered loads} - H02J 9/062: {for AC powered loads} - H02H 7/20: for electronic equipment (for converters H02H7/10; for electric measuring instruments G01R1/36; for DC voltage or current semiconductor regulators G05F1/569; for amplifiers H03F1/52; for electronic switching circuits H03K17/08) - H02H 11/002: {in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection} - H02H 11/005: {in case of too low isolation resistance, too high load, short-circuit; earth fault} - H02J 7/345: {using capacitors as storage or buffering devices} - H02J 7/60: including safety or protection arrangements - H02H 3/087: for DC applications - H02H 3/20: responsive to excess voltage - H02H 3/24: responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage {(H02H3/207 takes precedence)} - H02J 2207/20: Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter - Y02B 70/30: Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level - Y04S 20/20: End-user application control systems - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - H02H: EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS (indicating or signalling undesired working conditions G01R, e.g. G01R31/00, G08B; locating faults along lines G01R31/08; emergency protective devices H01H) - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS - Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS ## Abstract A DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus with bidirectional protection function receives a DC power source and supplies power to a DC load. The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus includes a first loop, a second loop, a third loop, and a control unit. The first loop receives the DC power source and supplies power to the DC load. The second loop converts the DC power source into an energy-storing power source to charge an energy-storing unit. The energy-storing unit provides a backup power source to the DC load through the third loop and the first loop. The control unit controls the first loop, the second loop, and the third loop to correspondingly provide a first protection mechanism, a second protection mechanism, and a third protection mechanism. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus with bidirectional protection function configured to receive a DC power source and supply power to a DC load, the DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus comprising: a first loop configured to receive the DC power source and supply power to the DC load, a second loop configured to receive the DC power source and convert the DC power source into an energy-storing power source to charge an energy-storing unit, the second loop comprises: a second path blocking component coupled to the DC power source, and a charging unit comprising a power switch, the power switch coupled to the second path blocking component, a third loop coupled to the first loop and the energy-storing unit, and the energy-storing unit configured to provide a backup power source to the DC load through the third loop and the first loop, and a control unit configured to control the first loop, the second loop, and the third loop to be connected or disconnected for correspondingly providing a first protection mechanism, a second protection mechanism, and a third protection mechanism, the control unit configured to control switching the power switch to convert the DC power source into the energy-storing power source, wherein the first protection mechanism provides protection when the DC power source is reversely connected, the DC load is reversely connected, the DC power source is short circuit to ground, or the DC load is short circuit to ground, the second protection mechanism provides protection when the second loop occurs a first abnormal condition, and the third protection mechanism provides protection when the third loop occurs a second abnormal condition, and wherein when the first abnormal condition occurs including the DC power source is reversely connected or the DC power source is short circuit to ground, the second loop is disconnected; when the charging unit activates a self-protection mechanism, the control unit is configured to control the power switch to be turned off. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 1, wherein the first loop comprises: a first path blocking component coupled to the DC power source, and a first switch coupled to the first path blocking component, the third loop, the DC load, and the control unit, wherein when the DC power source is reversely connected or the DC power source is short circuit to ground, the first path blocking component is turned off so that the first loop is disconnected; when the DC load is reversely connected or the DC load is short circuit to ground, the control unit is configured to control the first switch to be turned off so that the first loop is disconnected. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 2, wherein when the control unit is coupled to the first path blocking component and the control unit detects that the DC power source is reversely connected or the DC power source is short circuit to ground, the control unit is configured to control the first path blocking component to be turned off. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 2, wherein the first path blocking component is a self-driving switch unit; the self-driving switch unit is self-driven turned on when the DC power source is not reversely connected or the DC power source is not short circuit to ground. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 2, wherein the first path blocking component is a diode; an anode of the diode is coupled to the DC power source and a cathode of the diode is coupled to the first switch; when the DC power source is reversely connected or the DC power source is short circuit to ground, the diode is turned off due to reverse bias. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 2, wherein the first loop further comprises: an energy-storing capacitor coupled to the first path blocking component, the first switch, and the third loop, wherein when the control unit is configured to detect that a first voltage of the energy-storing capacitor is greater than or equal to a predetermined voltage, the control unit is configured to control the first switch to be turned on. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 1, wherein the control unit is coupled to the second path blocking component, and when the control unit is configured to detect that the first abnormal condition occurs including the DC power source is reversely connected or the DC power source is short circuit to ground, the control unit is configured to control the second path blocking component to be turned off. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 1, wherein the second path blocking component is a self-driving switch unit; the self-driving switch unit is self-driven turned on when the first abnormal condition does not occur including the DC power source is not reversely connected or the DC power source is not short circuit to ground. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 1, wherein the second path blocking component is a diode; an anode of the diode is coupled to the DC power source and a cathode of the diode is coupled to the power switch; when the first abnormal condition occurs including the DC power source is reversely connected or the DC power source is short circuit to ground, the diode is turned off due to reverse bias. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 1, wherein the second loop further comprises: a second switch coupled to the charging unit and the control unit, and configured to receive the energy-storing power source, and a third path blocking component coupled to the second switch and the energy-storing unit, wherein when the control unit is configured to detect that the first abnormal condition occurs including the charging unit is outputting overvoltage, the energy-storing unit is short circuit to ground, the energy-storing unit is reversely connected, or the energy-storing power source is higher than a normal range, the control unit is configured to control the second switch to be turned off so that the second loop is disconnected; when the first abnormal condition occurs including the charging unit is short circuit to ground, the charging unit is outputting overcurrent, or the energy-storing power source is higher than the normal range, the third path blocking component is turned off so that the second loop is disconnected. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 10, wherein the control unit is coupled to the third path blocking component, and when the control unit is configured to detect that the first abnormal condition occurs including the charging unit is short circuit to ground, the charging unit is outputting overvoltage, or the energy-storing power source is higher than the normal range, the control unit is configured to control the third path blocking component to be turned off. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 10, wherein the third path blocking component is a self-driving switch unit; the self-driving switch unit is self-driven turned on when the first abnormal condition does not occur including the charging unit is not short circuit to ground, the charging unit is not outputting overcurrent, or the energy-storing power source is not higher than the normal range. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 10, wherein the third path blocking component is a diode; an anode of the diode is coupled to the second switch and a cathode of the diode is coupled to the energy-storing unit or a cathode of the diode is coupled to the second switch and an anode of the diode is coupled to the charging unit; when the first abnormal condition occurs including the charging unit is short circuit to ground, the charging unit is outputting overcurrent, or the energy-storing power source is higher than the normal range, the diode is turned off due to reverse bias. ### Claim 14 A DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus with bidirectional protection function configured to receive a DC power source and supply power to a DC load, the DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus comprising: a first loop configured to receive the DC power source and supply power to the DC load, a second loop configured to receive the DC power source and convert the DC power source into an energy-storing power source to charge an energy-storing unit, a third loop coupled to the first loop and the energy-storing unit, and the energy-storing unit configured to provide a backup power source to the DC load through the third loop and the first loop, the third loop comprising: a fourth path blocking component coupled to the energy-storing unit, and a third switch coupled to the fourth path blocking component; and the first loop, and a control unit configured to control the first loop, the second loop, and the third loop to be connected or disconnected for correspondingly providing a first protection mechanism, a second protection mechanism, and a third protection mechanism, wherein the first protection mechanism provides protection when the DC power source is reversely connected, the DC load is reversely connected, the DC power source is short circuit to ground, or the DC load is short circuit to ground, the second protection mechanism provides protection when the second loop occurs a first abnormal condition, and the third protection mechanism provides protection when the third loop occurs a second abnormal condition, and wherein when the second abnormal condition occurs including the energy-storing unit is reversely connected or the energy-storing unit is short circuit to ground, the fourth path blocking component is turned off so that the third loop is disconnected; when the second abnormal condition occurs including the first loop is short circuit to ground, the control unit is configured to control the third switch to be turned off so that the third loop is disconnected. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 14, wherein the control unit is coupled to the fourth path blocking component, and when the second abnormal condition occurs including the energy-storing unit is reversely connected or the energy-storing unit is short circuit to ground, the control unit is configured to control the fourth path blocking component to be turned off. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 14, wherein the fourth path blocking component is a self-driving switch unit; the self-driving switch unit is self-driven turned on when the second abnormal condition does not occur including the energy-storing unit is not reversely connected or the energy-storing unit is not short circuit to ground. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 14, wherein the fourth path blocking component is a diode; a cathode of the diode is coupled to the third switch and an anode of the diode is coupled to the energy-storing unit or an anode of the diode is coupled to the third switch and a cathode of the diode is coupled to the first loop; when the second abnormal condition occurs including the energy-storing unit is reversely connected or the energy-storing unit is short circuit to ground, the diode is turned off due to reverse bias. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 1, further comprising: a current-detecting unit coupled to the first loop, the second loop, or the third loop in series, wherein the control unit is configured to determine whether the first protection mechanism, the second protection mechanism, or the third protection mechanism to be provided through the current-detecting unit. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The DC uninterruptible power supply apparatus in claim 1, wherein the DC power source is available, and the control unit is configured to control the first loop and the second loop to be turned on, the DC power source is provided to the DC load through the first loop, and the DC power source is converted into the energy-storing power source through the second loop; when the DC power source is not available, and the control unit is configured to control the first loop and the third loop to be turned on, the energy-storing unit is configured to provide the backup power source to the DC load through the first loop and the third loop.