# US 11,114,752 B2 · Three-dimensional antenna apparatus having at least one additional radiator > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,114,752 B2 - Document ID: US11114752B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/676,125 - Filed: 2019-11-06 - Published: 2020-05-07 - Granted: 2021-09-07 - Earliest claimed: 2018-11-06 - Assignees: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. - Applicants: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. - Inventors: Ivan Ndip; Christine Kallmayer; Klaus-Dieter Lang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11114752B2 ## CPC - H01Q 1/38: formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support {(patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142)} - H01Q 9/0414: {in a stacked or folded configuration} - H01Q 1/2283: {mounted in or on the surface of a semiconductor substrate as a chip-type antenna or integrated with other components into an IC package} - H01Q 5/364: Creating multiple current paths - H01Q 5/392: the parasitic elements having dual-band or multi-band characteristics - H01Q 5/40: Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements - H01Q 9/0407: {Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna (dipole H01Q9/285; monopole H01Q9/40)} - H01Q 9/0442: {with particular tuning means} - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) ## Abstract An antenna apparatus is provided, including: a substrate extending in a substrate plane, wherein the substrate includes a first side and an opposite second side, wherein a first antenna is arranged on the first side of the substrate, and a three-dimensional shape structure arranged on the first side and extending out of the substrate plane and across the first antenna so that the first antenna is arranged between the substrate and the three-dimensional shape structure. In addition, a second antenna is arranged on the three-dimensional shape structure. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An antenna apparatus, comprising: a substrate extending in a substrate plane, wherein the substrate comprises a first side and an opposite second side, wherein a first antenna is arranged on the first side of the substrate, and a three-dimensional shape structure arranged on the first side and extending out of the substrate plane and across the first antenna so that the first antenna is arranged between the substrate and the three-dimensional shape structure, and wherein a second antenna is arranged on the three-dimensional shape structure. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first and/or second antenna is configured as a patch antenna. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a metallization is arranged on the second side of the substrate, the metallization extending at least partially across the second side of the substrate. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional shape structure comprises a first substrate contact portion and a second substrate contact portion and extends spaced apart from the substrate between the first substrate contact portion and the second substrate contact portion, and wherein the first antenna is arranged between the first substrate contact portion and the second substrate contact portion. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional shape structure fully extends across the entire length L of the first antenna. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna extends in a first plane parallel to the substrate plane, and wherein the second antenna extends in a second plane parallel to the substrate plane or in a second plane that does not run in parallel relative to the substrate plane. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional shape structure comprises a first side arranged opposite to and facing the first antenna, and wherein the three-dimensional shape structure comprises a second side arranged opposite to the first side and facing away from the antenna, wherein the second antenna is arranged on the second side of the three-dimensional shape structure. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second antenna is arranged in front of the first antenna in a main radiation direction of the first antenna. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged above each other in a direction perpendicular to the substrate plane. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in a projection perpendicular to the substrate plane, the first antenna and the second antenna comprise the same length L. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional shape structure comprises an antenna attachment portion at which the second antenna is arranged and that is spaced apart from the first antenna in a direction that is vertical to the substrate plane. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional shape structure is spaced apart from the first antenna, and wherein a gap between the three-dimensional shape structure and the first antenna comprises a dielectric. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional shape structure comprises a dielectric, and/or wherein the three-dimensional shape structure is made of the same material as the substrate and/or wherein the three-dimensional shape structure and the substrate are configured integrally. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional shape structure galvanically insulates the first antenna and the second antenna from each other. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna comprises an antenna feed line and is configured as an actively feedable antenna, and wherein the second antenna is configured as a parasitic antenna without a feed line and being excitable by the radiation of the first antenna. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the three-dimensional shape structure that is arranged opposite to the first antenna in a projection perpendicular to the substrate plane comprises a width that is larger than or equal to a width of the first antenna. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna comprises a width that is larger than or equal to a width of the second antenna. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna comprises at least one slit, and wherein the second antenna comprises at least one slit. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is configured as a substrate stack comprising at least two substrate layers, and wherein a third antenna is arranged in the substrate stack. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The antenna apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the third antenna may be galvanically connected to and is excitable by a radio-frequency circuit via a probe feed by means of a via and/or via a planar feed by means of a strip line. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The antenna apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the third antenna is electromagnetically excitable via an aperture-coupled feed by a metallization layer that is galvanically connected to the radio-frequency circuit. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) The antenna apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the third antenna is an actively feedable antenna, and wherein the first antenna and the second antenna each are passive antennas that are excitable by the radiation of the third antenna. ### Claim 23 (depends on 19) The antenna apparatus of claim 19, wherein at least one of the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna comprises an arbitrary geometrical shape. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) The antenna apparatus of claim 1, wherein the antenna apparatus is configured in an array comprising at least two first antennas and/or at least two second antennas and/or at least two third antennas. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The antenna apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the antenna comprises a number of first antennas that is equal to a number of second antennas and/or that is equal to a number of third antennas. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) An electrical apparatus with a multi-layered substrate comprising a radio-frequency circuit, and an antenna apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the antenna apparatus is arranged at the multi-layered substrate and is coupled to a radio-frequency circuit, and wherein the antenna apparatus is configured to send out a radio-frequency signal of the radio-frequency circuit and/or to receive a radio-frequency signal and to provide it to the radio-frequency circuit.