# US 11,114,730 B2 · Accumulator battery pack, comprising devices for passive magnetic between accumulators and busbars, and, where appropriate, passive shunt of one or more accumulators in case of failure of these ones > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,114,730 B2 - Document ID: US11114730B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/568,307 - Filed: 2019-09-12 - Published: 2020-03-12 - Granted: 2021-09-07 - Earliest claimed: 2018-09-12 - Assignees: Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives - Applicants: Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives - Inventors: Johann Lejosne; Pierre Jost; Pierre Perichon - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11114730B2 ## CPC - H01M 10/6553: Terminals or leads - H01M 10/6567: Liquids - H01M 10/052: Li-accumulators - H01M 10/4235: {Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte (H01M10/4242 takes precedence)} - H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)} - H01M 10/643: Cylindrical cells - H01M 10/654: located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes - H01M 10/659: by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition - H01M 50/209: adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells (H01M50/216 takes precedence) - H01M 50/262: with fastening means, e.g. locks - H01M 50/296: characterised by terminals of battery packs (terminals of batteries H01M50/543) - H01M 50/507: comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules - H01M 50/581: in response to temperature - H05K 3/326: {the printed circuit having integral resilient or deformable parts, e.g. tabs or parts of flexible circuits (H05K3/365 takes precedence)} - H01M 10/625: Vehicles - H01M 50/176: for prismatic or rectangular cells (H01M50/181 takes precedence) - H01M 50/55: on the same side of the cell - H01M 50/553: Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells - H01M 2200/10: Temperature sensitive devices - H05K 2201/083: Magnetic materials - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - H05K: PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract A battery pack wherein each battery is mechanically and electrically connected by a magnetic device to a busbar. In case of failure of any accumulator, it is disconnected completely passively because its failure generates an inactivation of the magnetic device. The disconnection causes the gravity drop of the accumulator and the possibly completely passive implementation of an accumulator shunt. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A battery pack comprising: a plurality of electrochemical batteries or accumulators, each comprising: a housing or a flexible packaging, a first output terminal and a second output terminal of an opposite polarity to the first output terminal; at least one of the output terminals comprising: an electrically conductive part, a magnetic lock comprising a permanent magnet; at least one ferromagnetic part secured to an electrical connecting busbar, called busbar, forming a closure plate of a magnetic circuit with the magnetic lock of the output terminal; the battery pack being configured such that: i/ in normal operation of the accumulator, magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet of the output terminal on the closure plate of a first busbar, in a closed magnetic circuit configuration, ensures the mechanical and electrical connection between the output terminal and the first busbar, ii/ upon a failure of the accumulator provoking an overheating thereof, the permanent magnet of the output terminal heats up and at least to a temperature from which it loses its magnetic properties, to the point of mechanical disconnection between the output terminal and the first busbar, which causes the accumulator to drop through gravity. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, comprising: at least one flexible electrically conductive blade fixed at one of its ends to another busbar or other portion of busbars, comprising a permanent magnet; the battery pack being configured so that: during step i/, the permanent magnet of the flexible blade is repelled by that of the output terminal such that the flexible blade cannot be in electrical contact with the first busbar, during step ii/, because of absence of magnetic repulsion of a faulty accumulator having fallen, the electrical connection between the first and the other busbar through respectively the flexible blade, which realizes hence a shunt of the accumulator. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein a Curie temperature of the permanent magnet is chosen to be between a value close to 90% of a self-heating temperature and a value close to 110% of a thermal runaway temperature of the pack accumulators. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is a sintered magnet or a plasto-magnet. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein the sintered magnet or the plastomagnet is based on rare earths, including samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron, or is made of ferrite. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein the sintered magnet is made of aluminum-nickel cobalt alloy. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the two output terminals comprises at least one second ferromagnetic part arranged around or inside the electrically conductive part, the second ferromagnetic part being closed by the closure plate in a configuration of closure of the magnetic circuit. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The battery pack according to claim 7, comprising at least a third ferromagnetic part arranged around the second ferromagnetic part forming an annular housing in which is housed a plasto-magnet, coil being arranged inside the first ferromagnetic part. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein each ferromagnetic part is made of soft iron. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein each flexible blade is made of copper-beryllium. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein each electrically conductive part of each lock is made of the same material as an accumulator output terminal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein each electrically conductive part of each lock is made of aluminum or of copper. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, comprising an electrically conductive crinkle washer or tooth lockwasher, arranged such that, in the configuration of closure of the magnetic connection circuits, it ensures an electrical contact between one of the output terminal equipped with a lock and one of the busbars. ### Claim 14 (depends on 2) The battery pack according to claim 2, comprising an electrically conductive crinkle washer or tooth lockwasher, arranged such that, in a configuration of closure of the magnetic shunt circuits, it ensures an electrical contact between the blade and one of the busbars. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein each washer is made of copper-phosphorus alloy. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the first or second output terminals are arranged on one face of a case or the flexible packaging, while, respectively, the second or the first output terminal is arranged on an opposite face of the case or the flexible packaging, the accumulator being arranged horizontally so that its fall by gravity along ii/ takes place perpendicularly to its longitudinal axis. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the first and second output terminals are both arranged on a same face of the housing or the flexible packaging, the accumulator being arranged vertically so that its fall by gravity along ii/ takes place along its longitudinal axis. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein each accumulator comprises a battery management system fixed on the housing or the flexible packaging of the accumulator and electrically powered by the latter. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, comprising a honeycomb structure comprising a plurality of recesses each suitable for receiving an accumulator falling by gravity; each recess being capable of being filled with a heat transfer liquid at least once the fall of the accumulator carried out, in order to cool the latter. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The battery pack according to claim 19, wherein the heat transfer liquid is that of a cooling circuit of the battery pack, or a liquid independent of said cooling circuit, a supply of which in each housing is controlled by a battery management system of the battery pack, or a liquid resulting from a change of state of a phase change material obtained by heating of the accumulator. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The battery pack according to claim 1, each electrochemical battery or accumulator comprising: a negative electrode(s) material chosen from the group comprising graphite, lithium, titanium oxide Li4TiO5O12; a positive electrode(s) material chosen from the group comprising LiFePO4, LiCoO2, LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2.