A vehicle-roadway interface for power and data exchange with roadway sensors system for use on a roadway or a road surface with at least one vehicle, the system comprising:
- a. a first node of the system having at least one active vehicle-based adapter removably mounted to the at least one vehicle forming an at least one equipped vehicle and a second node of the system having a plurality of passive roadway-based beacons each being affixed to or within the road surface;
- b. the at least one active vehicle-based adapter comprising:
- i. a power emitting antenna providing a direct wireless beacon power source to a power harvesting antenna of each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons during interactive close proximity between the at least one equipped vehicle and each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons, and coupling to an existing power and data bus of the at least one equipped vehicle for use as an adapter power source for the at least one active vehicle-based adapter;
- ii. an adapter communication antenna having an adapter transceiver for dual directional transmission of an at least one vehicle data request to each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons and receipt of an at least one beacon data packet from each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons;
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- iii. an adapter processing member coupled to the adapter transceiver and to a vehicle interface for processing information obtained from the at least one beacon data packet and providing one or more commands through the at least one vehicle data request to each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons;
- c. each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons comprising:
- i. a temperature sensor for detecting an ambient temperature and a road surface temperature in real time and transmitting as a temperature data;
- ii. a moisture sensor for detecting a moisture condition of the road in real time and transmitting as a moisture data;
- iii. the at least one beacon data packet having the temperature data, the moisture data, at least one lane data containing a lane management data structure for storing static data and dynamic data in real time, a record data containing a record-keeping data structure for collecting and storing information about the at least one equipped vehicle which interacts and engages with the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons in real time, and a location data having a high-fidelity positioning record for use in an at least GNSS-denied navigation environment;
- iv. the power harvesting antenna obtaining power from the power emitting antenna for powering at least a beacon processing member, a beacon transceiver, and a beacon nonvolatile memory;
- v. beacon communication antenna having the beacon transceiver for dual directional transmission of the at least one beacon data packet and receipt of the at least one vehicle data request wirelessly in real time during interaction with the at least one equipped vehicle;
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- vi. the beacon processing member being coupled to the beacon transceiver and the beacon nonvolatile memory;
- d. wherein the at least one active vehicle-based adapter remains in an idle state as power is continuously transmitted from the power emitting antenna, or between vehicle information updates, or sending the at least one vehicle data request to each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons in close proximity with the at least one active vehicle-based adapter;
- e. wherein if no response is received and the at least one vehicle data request delay times out, the at least one active vehicle-based adapter sends an additional at least one vehicle data request, and if a response is received, then the at least one active vehicle-based adapter utilizes the received data from respective plurality of passive roadway-based beacons before returning back to its idle state, wherein, alternatively, if the vehicle information update delay times out, the vehicle information is updated, and wherein after the at least one equipped vehicle no longer supplies power to the at least one active vehicle-based adapter through the vehicle interface, the at least one active vehicle-based adapter will power off;
- f. wherein upon interaction or pinging with the power emitting antenna, the power harvesting antenna of each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons receives enough transmitted power to activate an idle beacon microcontroller, the beacon transceiver, the beacon nonvolatile memory, the temperature sensor, and the moisture sensor to take measurements and to retrieve data for the at least one beacon data packet;
- g. wherein the at least one vehicle data request is intermittent and is received by the beacon communication antenna and processed to determine an authority of the at least one equipped vehicle, with pertinent authorized information being stored in the beacon nonvolatile memory;
- h. wherein in response, each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons transmits the at least one beacon data packet through the beacon communication antenna which contains the appropriate data collected during activation to the at least one active vehicle-based adapter's adapter communication antenna;
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- i. wherein whenever a distance between the at least one active vehicle-based adapter and the power harvesting antenna of each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons exceeds the ping or interaction range for the power harvesting antenna, each of the plurality of passive roadway-based beacons suspends data collection activity and powers down to an idle state until later powered and requested by a different the at least one equipped vehicle.