# US 11,112,378 B2 · Interrogation of capillary-limited sensors > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,112,378 B2 - Document ID: US11112378B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/437,743 - Filed: 2019-06-11 - Published: 2020-12-17 - Granted: 2021-09-07 - Earliest claimed: 2019-06-11 - Assignees: MSA Technology, LLC - Applicants: Msa Technology, LLC - Inventors: Towner Bennett Scheffler - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11112378B2 ## CPC - G01N 27/413: Concentration cells using liquid electrolytes {measuring currents or voltages in voltaic cells} - G01N 27/286: {Power or signal connectors associated therewith} - G01N 27/304: {Gas permeable electrodes} - G01N 27/404: Cells with anode, cathode and cell electrolyte on the same side of a permeable membrane which separates them from the sample fluid {, e.g. Clark-type oxygen sensors} - G01N 27/41: Oxygen pumping cells - G01N 33/007: {Arrangements to check the analyser (calibrating gas analysers G01N33/0006)} - G01N 33/006: {Avoiding interference of water vapour with the gas to be measured} - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) ## Abstract A method of operating a gas detection device including a capillary-limited, electrochemical gas sensor includes operating the gas sensor in a sensing mode during which a signal from the gas sensor is representative of a concentration of the analyte gas measured by the gas sensor and in an interrogation mode during which the gas sensor is electronically interrogated by applying an electric signal to the gas sensor to generate a non-faradaic current flow between a working electrode and a counter electrode without the application of a test gas, periodically entering the interrogation mode, measuring a parameter of a gas sensor output during the interrogation mode, comparing the measured parameter to one or more previously measured parameters, determining an operational state from the comparison, and returning the gas sensor to the sensing mode if the operational state is determined to be within a predetermined range. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of operating a gas detection device including a capillary-limited, amperometric electrochemical gas sensor analytically responsive to an analyte gas, comprising: operating the gas sensor in a sensing mode wherein a signal from the gas sensor is representative of a concentration of the analyte gas measured by the gas sensor and in an interrogation mode during which the gas sensor is electronically interrogated to test the functionality of the gas sensor by applying an electric signal to the gas sensor to generate a non-faradaic current flow between a working electrode of the gas sensor and a counter electrode of the gas sensor via an electrolyte in ionic contact with the working electrode and the counter electrode without the application of a test gas having a known concentration of the analyte gas or a simulant therefor to the sensor from a container; periodically entering the interrogation mode; measuring a baseline output of the gas sensor before applying the electric signal to the gas sensor during the interrogation mode; comparing the measured baseline output to one or more previously measured baseline outputs from a previous interrogation mode; determining an operational state from the comparison of the measured baseline output to the one or more previously measured baseline outputs; and returning the gas sensor to the sensing mode if the operational state is determined to be within a predetermined range. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein the gas sensor is an oxygen sensor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2 wherein the gas sensor is determined to be in a fault mode if the baseline output is determined to be outside of the predetermined range. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3 further comprising providing an alert if the gas sensor is determined to be in a fault mode. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2 further comprising performing a fresh air set up wherein output of the gas sensor is compared to a reference value and wherein, if the output of the gas sensor is within a predetermined range of the reference value, the output of the gas sensor is adjusted to be 20.8 vol-% oxygen. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein a change in baseline output is used to adjust sensitivity. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6 further comprising providing an alert if the gas sensor is determined to be in a fault mode. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein at least one parameter other than baseline is measured during the interrogation mode. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8 wherein the at least one parameter other than baseline is selected from the group consisting of maximum peak value, area under the curve, minimum peak value, peak-to-peak value and reverse area under the curve. ### Claim 10 An electrochemical gas sensor responsive to an analyte gas, comprising: a housing comprising a capillary inlet; an electrolyte within the housing, a working electrode in ionic contact with the electrolyte, a counter electrode in ionic contact with the electrolyte, and electronic circuitry in operative connection with the working electrode and the counter electrode, the electronic circuitry being configured to operate the gas sensor in a sensing mode during which a signal from the gas sensor is representative of a concentration of the analyte gas measured by the gas sensor and in an interrogation mode wherein the gas sensor is electronically interrogated to test the functionality of the gas sensor by applying an electric signal to the gas sensor to generate a non-faradaic current flow between the working electrode and a counter electrode via the electrolyte without the application of a test gas having a known concentration of the analyte gas or a simulant therefor to the sensor from a container; periodically enter the interrogation mode, measure a baseline output of the gas sensor before applying the electric signal to the gas sensor during the interrogation mode, compare the measured baseline output to one or more previously measured baseline outputs from a previous interrogation mode, determine an operational state from the comparison of the measured baseline output to the one or more previously measured baseline outputs; and return the gas sensor to the sensing mode if the operational state is determined to be within a predetermined range. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The gas sensor of claim 10 wherein the gas sensor is an oxygen sensor. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The gas sensor of claim 10 wherein a fault mode is determined via the electronic circuitry if the measured baseline output is determined to be outside of the predetermined range. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The gas sensor of claim 12 further comprising an interface system to provide an alert if the gas sensor is determined to be in a fault mode. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The gas sensor of claim 10 wherein the gas sensor is determined via the electronic circuitry to be in a fault mode if the measured baseline is determined to be outside of the predetermined range. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The gas sensor of claim 10 wherein at least one parameter other than baseline is measured during the interrogation mode. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The gas sensor of claim 15 wherein the at least one parameter other than baseline is selected from the group consisting of maximum peak value, area under the curve, minimum peak value, peak-to-peak value and reverse area under the curve. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The gas sensor of claim 10 wherein the electronic circuitry is further configured to execute a fresh air set up wherein output of the gas sensor is compared to a reference value and wherein, if the output of the gas sensor is within a predetermined range of the reference value, the output of the gas sensor is adjusted to be 20.8 vol-% oxygen. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The gas sensor of claim 10 wherein the electronic circuitry is further conjured configured to adjust sensitivity in response to a change in measured baseline output. ### Claim 19 A method of operating a gas detection device including a capillary-limited, amperometric electrochemical gas sensor responsive to an analyte gas, comprising: periodically measuring a baseline output of the gas sensor; comparing the measured baseline output to one or more previously measured baseline output values; and determining an operational state from the comparison of the measured baseline output to one or more previously measured baseline output values. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19 wherein a change in the measured baseline output compared to one or more previously measured baseline output values is used to adjust sensitivity. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19 wherein the analyte gas is oxygen.