# US 11,111,834 B2 · Methods and systems for a mixing chamber

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- Number: US 11,111,834 B2
- Document ID: US11111834B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/598,884
- Filed: 2019-10-10
- Published: 2020-04-23
- Granted: 2021-09-07
- Earliest claimed: 2018-10-18
- Assignees: Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Applicants: Ford Global Technologies, LLC
- Inventors: Joerg Kemmerling; Helmut Matthias Kindl; Vanco Smiljanovski; Hanno Friederichs; Franz Arnd Sommerhoff; Andreas Kuske; Frank Wunderlich
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11111834B2

## CPC

- F01N 3/206: {Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents}
- F01N 3/2066: {Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]}
- F01N 3/2892: {Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device}
- F01N 5/04: the devices using kinetic energy
- F02B 37/18: by bypassing exhaust {from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere}
- F01N 2240/20: a flow director or deflector
- F01N 2340/06: Arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
- F01N 2550/05: Systems for adding substances into exhaust
- F01N 2610/02: the substance being ammonia or urea
- F01N 2610/08: with prior mixing of the substances with a gas, e.g. air
- F01N 2610/1453: Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
- Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies
- F01N: GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with gas exhaust of propulsion units in vehicles B60K13/00; combustion-air intake silencers specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines F02M35/00; protecting against, or damping, noise in general G10K11/16)
- F02B: INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL (gas-turbine plants F02C; hot-gas or combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants F02G)
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

Methods and systems are provided for a mixing chamber in a turbine. In one example, a system comprises a mixing chamber integrally formed within a turbine with an injector positioned to inject reductant directly into the mixing chamber.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas discharge system for discharging exhaust gas from at least one cylinder, the internal combustion engine, comprising:
at least one exhaust gas aftertreatment system is arranged in the exhaust gas discharge system;
an injector is positioned to inject a reducing agent into a mixing chamber upstream of the at least one exhaust gas aftertreatment system; and
a turbine is arranged in the exhaust gas discharge system upstream of the at least one exhaust gas aftertreatment system, wherein a turbine casing contains at least one impeller mounted on a rotatable shaft, wherein an inlet region is upstream of and supplies exhaust gas to the at least one impeller and an outlet region is downstream of and discharges exhaust gas from the at least one impeller, and at least one flow channel fluidly couples the inlet region to the outlet region via the at least one impeller, wherein the mixing chamber is arranged inside walls of the turbine casing and fluidly coupled to the at least one flow channel at a portion of the turbine upstream and radially outside of the outlet region and downstream of the at least one impeller via at least one exhaust gas supply line.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein a plurality of metering lines fluidly couple the mixing chamber to the outlet region.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The internal combustion engine of claim 2, wherein the plurality of metering lines are fluidly coupled to different radial locations of the outlet region.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the mixing chamber comprises a ring shape which at least in portions surrounds the exhaust gas discharge system downstream of the at least one impeller.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the injector injects the reducing agent for a storage catalyst configured to store nitrogen oxides.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the injector injects the reducing agent for a selective catalytic reduction device for reducing nitrogen oxides.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the injector injects the reducing agent for a particle filter for reducing soot emissions.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the reducing agent is fuel, urea, or ammonia.

### Claim 9

A system, comprising:
a turbine comprising an impeller and a passage fluidly coupling an outlet of the impeller to a mixing chamber integrally arranged in a casing of the turbine radially outside of an outlet of the turbine, wherein an exhaust gas supply line directs exhaust gas to the mixing chamber; and
an injector is positioned to inject reductant directly into the mixing chamber.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the mixing chamber comprises a plurality of outlets configured to expel a mixture of exhaust gas and reductant to the outlet of the turbine.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein each of the plurality of outlets are arranged at radially distinct location of the outlet of the turbine.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein each outlet of the plurality of outlets comprises a nozzle shape.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the mixing chamber comprises an annular shape and extends around the outlet of the turbine, wherein the outlet directs exhaust gases to an exhaust passage housing an aftertreatment device.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13, wherein the aftertreatment device is a particle filter, a lean NOx trap, or a selective catalytic reduction device.

### Claim 15

A method, comprising:
injecting reductant via an injector directly into a mixing chamber integrally formed in a portion of a turbine downstream of an impeller and radially outside an outlet of a turbine, wherein the mixing chamber receives exhaust gas from downstream of the impeller via a flow channel.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, further comprising expelling a mixture of exhaust gas and reductant from the mixing chamber into the outlet of the turbine downstream of the impeller, wherein the outlet is fluidly coupled to an exhaust passage housing an aftertreatment device.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15, adjusting one or more of a duration, a pressure, and a volume of the injecting in response to an impeller speed or a wastegate position.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, wherein adjusting includes one or more of decreasing the duration, increasing the pressure, and increasing the volume in response to the impeller speed being greater than a threshold speed or the wastegate position being less open than a threshold position.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The method of claim 17, wherein adjusting includes one or more of increasing the duration, decreasing the pressure, and decreasing the volume in response to the impeller speed being less than a threshold speed or the wastegate position being more open than a threshold position.