# US 11,111,767 B2 · Apparatus, systems, and methods for fracturing a geological formation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,111,767 B2 - Document ID: US11111767B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/544,749 - Filed: 2019-08-19 - Published: 2020-01-02 - Granted: 2021-09-07 - Earliest claimed: 2014-04-24 - Assignees: The Anders Family Living Trust - Applicants: The Anders Family Living Trust - Inventors: Edward O. Anders - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11111767B2 ## CPC - E21B 43/2605: {using gas or liquefied gas} - E21B 33/12: Packers; Plugs (used for cementing E21B33/134, E21B33/16) - E21B 33/128: with a member expanded radially by axial pressure (E21B33/122, E21B33/124 take precedence) - E21B 34/06: in wells - E21B 34/10: operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole - E21B 34/12: operated by movement of casings or tubings - E21B 43/164: {Injecting CO2 or carbonated water (in combination with organic material C09K8/594)} - E21B 43/2607: {Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations} - E21B 43/267: reinforcing fractures by propping - E21B 2200/06: Sleeve valves - Y02P 90/70: Combining sequestration of CO2 and exploitation of hydrocarbons by injecting CO2 or carbonated water in oil wells - E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to apparatus, systems, and methods of fracturing a geological structure including the application of kinetic energy (e.g., from high velocity frack fluid) to a subterranean structure. In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to apparatus, systems, and methods for delivery of high velocity fluid to a well using a down hole valve and/or throttling system. The present disclosure relates to apparatus, systems, and methods of generating pressure using accumulators (e.g., high pressure accumulators) at the surface of a well. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure, the method comprising: (a) providing a fracking string inside a perforated wellbore liner having an interior cavity, the fracking string having an interior channel and spaced-apart apertures connecting the interior string channel and the liner cavity, comprising the steps of: (i) providing a fracking fluid at a pressure of about 8,000 psi to about 15,000 psi, wherein the fracking fluid is substantially free of proppant; (ii) adding at least one proppant to the fracking fluid; and (iii) injecting the fracking fluid with proppant into the interior channel; (b) accelerating the fracking fluid in the interior channel in a downhole direction to a velocity of from about 10 to about 150 feet per second; and (c) abruptly decelerating fracking fluid flow. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 1, wherein the fracking fluid is provided in an overburdened pressure zone at a pressure of about 15,000 psi. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 1, further comprising repeating steps (b) and (c). ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 1, wherein abruptly decelerating fracking fluid flow further comprises closing the string apertures, sealing the interior liner cavity, or combinations thereof. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 1, wherein accelerating a fracking fluid in the interior channel in a downhole direction further comprises injecting a gas into the interior channel. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 1, wherein the injected gas is carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane, any inert gas, or combinations thereof. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 1, wherein abruptly decelerating the fracking fluid flow further comprises delivering to the subterranean structure a kinetic energy pulse of finite duration of from about 1,000,000 ft lbs to more than about 12,000,000 ft lbs. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 1, wherein abruptly decelerating the fracking fluid occurs in a well from at about 10,000 feet deep or deeper. ### Claim 9 A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure, the method comprising: (a) providing a fracking string inside a perforated wellbore liner having an interior cavity, the fracking string having an interior channel and spaced-apart apertures connecting the interior string channel and the liner cavity; (b) providing a fracking fluid at a pressure of about 8,000 psi to about 15,000 psi; (c) accelerating the fracking fluid in the interior channel in a downhole direction to a velocity of from about 10 to about 150 feet per second; and (d) abruptly decelerating fracking fluid flow. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 9, wherein the fracking fluid is provided in an overburdened pressure zone at a pressure of about 15,000 psi. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 9, wherein abruptly decelerating the fracking fluid occurs in a well from at about 10,000 feet deep or deeper. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 9, further comprising repeating steps (c) and (d). ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 9, wherein abruptly decelerating fracking fluid flow further comprises closing the string apertures, sealing the interior liner cavity, or combinations thereof. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 9, wherein accelerating a fracking fluid in the interior channel in a downhole direction further comprises injecting a gas into the interior channel. ### Claim 15 A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure, the method comprising: (a) providing a fracking string inside a perforated wellbore liner having an interior cavity, the fracking string having an interior channel and spaced-apart apertures connecting the interior string channel and the liner cavity; (b) providing a fracking fluid at a pressure of about 8,000 psi to about 15,000 psi; (c) accelerating the fracking fluid in the interior channel in a downhole direction to a velocity of from about 100 to about 150 feet per second; and (d) abruptly decelerating fracking fluid flow. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 15, wherein the fracking fluid is provided in an overburdened pressure zone at a pressure of about 15,000 psi. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 15, wherein abruptly decelerating the fracking fluid occurs in a well from at about 10,000 feet deep or deeper. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 15, further comprising repeating steps (c) and (d). ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 15, wherein abruptly decelerating fracking fluid flow further comprises closing the string apertures, sealing the interior liner cavity, or combinations thereof. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) A method of kinetically fracking a subterranean structure according to claim 15, wherein accelerating a fracking fluid in the interior channel in a downhole direction further comprises injecting a gas into the interior channel.