# US 11,111,364 B2 · Flame retardant polymer composite materials and methods of making the same

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- Number: US 11,111,364 B2
- Document ID: US11111364B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/083,880
- Filed: 2017-03-10
- Published: 2019-03-14
- Granted: 2021-09-07
- Earliest claimed: 2016-03-11
- Assignees: Case Western Reserve University
- Applicants: Case Western Reserve University
- Inventors: Taneisha Deans; David Schiraldi
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11111364B2

## CPC

- C08L 23/06: Polyethylene
- C07G 1/00: Low-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin (high-molecular-weight derivatives of lignin {C08H6/00})
- C08K 5/0066: {Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives}
- C08K 5/1545: Six-membered rings
- C08L 23/0815: {with aliphatic 1-olefins containing one carbon-to-carbon double bond}
- C08L 23/12: Polypropene
- C08L 25/06: Polystyrene
- C08L 55/02: ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
- C08L 89/06: derived from leather or skin {, e.g. gelatin}
- C08L 97/005: {Lignin}
- C09K 21/06: Organic materials
- C08K 3/22: of metals
- C08K 3/346: {Clay}
- C08K 5/06: Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters
- C08K 5/092: Polycarboxylic acids
- C08K 2003/2227: {of aluminium}
- C08L 27/18: Homopolymers or copolymers or tetrafluoroethene
- C08L 51/06: grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08L 83/04: Polysiloxanes
- C08L 2201/02: Flame or fire retardant/resistant
- C08L 2207/066: LDPE (radical process)
- C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06)
- C07G: COMPOUNDS OF UNKNOWN CONSTITUTION (sulfonated fats, oils or waxes of undetermined constitution C07C309/62)
- C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE

## Abstract

A polymer composite material includes a blend of one or more thermoplastic polymers and one or more bio-based flame retardant additives, wherein the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives are present in an amount of 35 to 100 parts per 100 parts by weight of the one or more thermo-plastic polymers. A method of forming the polymer composite material includes: blending the one or more thermoplastic polymers and the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives together at a temperature between 140° C. and 230° C. to form the polymer composite material; forming an article from the polymer composite material; and cooling the formed article.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A polymer composite material, comprising a blend of one or more thermoplastic polymers and one or more bio-based flame retardant additives, wherein the one or more thermoplastic polymers comprises polystyrene and the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives comprises gelatin, wherein the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives are present in an amount of 35 to 100 parts per 100 parts by weight of the one or more thermoplastic polymers, and wherein the gelatin is present from about 40 to about 100 parts per 100 parts by weight of the one or more thermoplastic polymers.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, wherein the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives further comprises tannic acid.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The polymer composite material of claim 2, further comprising one or more additional flame retardant additive other than the gelatin and tannic acid.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, wherein the gelatin comprises fish gelatin.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, wherein the one or more thermoplastic polymers further comprises polyethylene.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, wherein the one or more thermoplastic polymers further comprises low-density polyethylene (LDPE).

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, wherein the one or more thermoplastic polymers further comprises polypropylene.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, wherein the one or more thermoplastic polymers further comprises one or more of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) copolymer, nylon 6, nylon 6,6, polyamides, poly(butylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene terephthalate) and its copolymers, polyesters, thermoplastic polyurethanes, polyester-ether elastomers, and polyacetal.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, wherein the polystyrene is expanded polystyrene.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The polymer composite material of claim 9, wherein the polymer composite material is a foam material.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, further comprising one or more maleated polymers.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, further comprising one or more of citric acid, stearic acid, silicone oil, and dibenzylidene sorbitol.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The polymer composite material of claim 1, further comprising one or more of PTFE, alumina, and clay.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

A method of forming the polymer composite material of claim 1, comprising:
blending the one or more thermoplastic polymers and the one or more bio-based flame retardant additives together at a temperature between 140° C. and 240° C. to form the polymer composite material;
forming an article from the polymer composite material; and
cooling the formed article.