# US 11,110,220 B2 · Operable implant

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- Number: US 11,110,220 B2
- Document ID: US11110220B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/214,178
- Filed: 2018-12-10
- Published: 2019-04-18
- Granted: 2021-09-07
- Earliest claimed: 2013-03-15
- Applicants: Peter Forsell
- Inventors: Peter Forsell
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11110220B2

## CPC

- A61M 5/14276: {specially adapted for implantation}
- A61B 5/076: {Permanent implantation}
- A61B 5/686: {Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips (A61B5/6861 takes precedence)}
- A61F 2/004: {inflatable}
- A61F 2/12: Mammary prostheses
- A61F 2/28: Bones
- A61F 5/0013: {Implantable devices or invasive measures}
- A61M 5/14526: {the piston being actuated by fluid pressure}
- A61M 27/002: {Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another (intraocular A61F9/00781; middle ear A61F11/202)}
- A61M 31/002: {Devices for releasing a drug at a continuous and controlled rate for a prolonged period of time (artificial gland structures or devices A61F2/022; intra-uterine contraceptive devices A61F6/14; tampons for introducing into the vagina A61F13/20, A61L15/00; suppositories or bougies for intra-vaginal or intra-uterine application A61K9/02; physical forms of medicinal preparations for sustained or differential drug release A61K9/20, A61K9/50)}
- A61M 39/22: Valves or arrangement of valves {(A61M39/02, A61M39/0247, A61M39/16 take precedence; regulating valves in infusion systems A61M5/16881; in devices worn by the patient for the reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge, or in colostomy devices A61F5/4405)}
- A61M 60/178: drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
- A61M 60/191: mechanically acting upon the outside of the patient's native heart, e.g. compressive structures placed around the heart
- A61M 60/279: Peristaltic pumps, e.g. roller pumps
- A61M 60/289: Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation assisting the residual heart function by means mechanically acting upon the patient's native heart or blood vessel structure, e.g. direct cardiac compression [DCC] devices
- A61M 60/495: Electromagnetic force
- A61M 60/508: Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
- A61M 60/837: Aspects of flexible displacement members, e.g. shapes or materials
- A61M 60/875: specially adapted for optimising alignment of external and implantable coils
- A61M 60/876: Implantable batteries
- A61N 1/05: for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode (A61N1/06 takes precedence)
- A61N 1/3787: {from an external energy source}
- F04B 43/12: having peristaltic action
- F04B 43/1253: {by using two or more rollers as squeezing elements, the rollers moving on an arc of a circle during squeezing}
- F04C 2/10: of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
- F04C 11/008: {Enclosed motor pump units}
- F04C 13/001: {Pumps for particular liquids}
- F04C 15/0061: {Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions}
- F04C 15/0069: {Magnetic couplings}
- A61B 2017/00039: {Electric or electromagnetic phenomena other than conductivity, e.g. capacity, inductivity, Hall effect}
- A61B 2017/00402: {Piezo electric actuators}
- A61B 2017/00539: {hydraulically}
- A61B 2090/061: {for measuring dimensions, e.g. length}
- A61F 2/0036: {implantable (A61F2/0018 takes precedence)}
- A61F 2/484: {Fluid means, i.e. hydraulic or pneumatic}
- A61F 2250/0001: Means for transferring electromagnetic energy to implants
- A61F 2250/0002: for data transfer
- A61F 2250/0004: adjustable
- A61F 2310/00023: Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
- A61F 2310/00047: Aluminium or Al-based alloys
- A61F 2310/00161: Carbon; Graphite
- A61F 2310/00179: Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
- A61M 60/148: in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
- A61M 60/405: the force acting on the blood contacting member being hydraulic or pneumatic
- A61M 60/419: the force acting on the blood contacting member being permanent magnetic, e.g. from a rotating magnetic coupling between driving and driven magnets
- A61M 60/422: the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
- A61M 2205/0272: Electro-active or magneto-active materials
- A61M 2205/103: rotating
- A61M 2205/32: with radio-opaque indicia
- A61M 2205/33: Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M 2205/3303: Using a biosensor
- A61M 2205/3365: Rotational speed
- A61M 2205/3515: using magnetic means
- A61M 2205/3538: using electrical conduction through the body of the patient
- A61M 2210/1021: Abdominal cavity
- F04C 2240/40: Electric motor
- A61M: DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY (introducing media into or onto the bodies of animals A61D7/00; means for inserting tampons A61F13/26; devices for administering food or medicines orally A61J; containers for collecting, storing or administering blood or medical fluids A61J1/05); DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY (surgery A61B; chemical aspects of surgical articles A61L); DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR {(Electrotherapy, e.g. producing anaesthesia by the use of alternating or intermittent currents A61N1/36021)}
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)
- A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C)
- A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B)
- F04B: POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS (machines for liquids, or pumps, of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type F04C; non-positive-displacement pumps F04D; pumping of fluid by direct contact of another fluid or by using inertia of fluid to be pumped F04F)
- F04C: ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS (engines F03C); ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS

## Abstract

An operable implant adapted to be implanted in the body of a patient. The operable implant comprising an operation device and a body engaging portion, the operation device comprises an electrical motor comprising a static part comprising a plurality of coils and a movable part comprising a plurality of magnets, such that sequential energizing of said coils magnetically propels the magnets and thus propels the movable part. The operation device further comprises an enclosure adapted to hermetically enclose the coils of the static part, such that a seal is created between the static part and the propelled moving part with the included magnets, such that the coils of the static part are sealed from the bodily fluids, when implanted.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An operable implant adapted to be implanted in the body of a patient, the operable implant comprising an operation device and a body engaging portion, the operation device comprises an electrical motor comprising a static part comprising a plurality of coils and a movable part comprising a plurality of magnets, such that sequential energizing of said coils magnetically propels the magnets and this propels the movable part, wherein the operable implant further comprises a gear system adapted to receive mechanical work having a first force and velocity as input, from the movable part of the electrical motor, and output mechanical work having a if force and velocity, wherein the gear system comprises:
an operable element connected to the movable part and configured to be propelled by the movable part,
a first gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a first number of teeth, on an outside thereof, and
a second gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a greater number of teeth than the first gear, on an inside surface thereof, wherein the operable element is adapted to deflect the first gear, and to maintain the first gear deflected such that the teeth of the first gear are interengaged with the teeth of the second gear in at least two angularly spaced positions interspaced by positions at which the teeth are not interengaged, and wherein the operation of the operable element advances the at least two angularly spaced positions and thereby causes relative rotation between the first gear and the second gear.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The, operable implant according to claim 1, wherein the operable element is adapted to deflect the first gear, and to maintain the first gear deflected such that the teeth of the first gear are interengaged with the teeth of the second gear in three positions or more positions interspaced by positions at which the teeth are not interengaged.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The operable implant according to claim 1, wherein the gear system comprises a third gear, and wherein an inside of the third gear comprises the same amount of teeth as the outside of the first gear, and wherein teeth of the third gear are adapted to interengage with the teeth of the first gear such that the third gear rotates in relation to the second gear, along with the at least two angularly spaced positions.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The operable implant according to claim 1, wherein the first gear directly or indirectly connects to a threaded member adapted to transform a radially rotating force to an axially reciprocating force.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The operable implant according to claim 1, wherein the first gear directly or indirectly connects to a movable wall portion of a hydraulic reservoir.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The operable implant according to claim 5, wherein a portion of a wall of the hydraulic reservoir comprises at least one of: a bellows structure, a shape adapted to allow movement although covered with fibrosis, and a plate shaped surface, in all cases enabling movement of the portion of the wall, enabling compression and/or expansion of the reservoir.

### Claim 7

An operable implant adapted to be implanted in the body of a patient, the operable implant comprising an operation device and a body engaging portion, the operation device comprises an electrical motor comprising a static part comprising a plurality of coils and a movable part comprising a plurality of magnets, such that sequential energizing of said coils magnetically propels the magnets and thus propels the movable part, wherein the operable implant further comprises a first gear system adapted to receive mechanical work having a first force and velocity as input, from the movable part of the electrical motor, and output mechanical work having a different force and velocity, wherein the first gear system comprises:
an operable element connected to the movable part and configured to be propelled by the movable part,
a tint gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a first number of teeth, on an outside thereof, and
a second gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a greater number of teeth than the first gear, on an inside surface thereof, wherein the operable element is adapted to engage an inside of the first gear, such that the outside of the first gear is pressed against the inside surface of the second gear such that the teeth of the first gear are interengaged with the teeth of the second gear in at least one engaging position interspaced by at least one position at which the teeth are not interengaged, and wherein the operation of the operable element advances the at least one engaging position and thereby causes relative rotation between the first gear and the second gear,
wherein the operation device further comprises a second gear system comprising:
an operable element,
a first gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a first number of teeth, on an outside thereof, and
a second gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a greater number of teeth than the first gear, on an inside surface thereof, wherein the operable element is adapted to engage an inside of the first gear, such that the outside of the first gear is pressed against the inside surface of the second gear such that the teeth of the first gear are interengaged with the teeth of the second gear in at least one engaging position interspaced by at least one position at which the teeth are not interengaged, and wherein the operation of the operable element advances the at least one engaging position and thereby causes relative rotation between the first gear and the second gear, wherein
the first gear of the first gear system is directly or indirectly connected to the operable element of the second gear system, such that the first gear system is connected in series with the second gear system, such that the first gear system receives mechanical work having a first farce and first velocity and outputs mechanical work having a second, different, force and a second, different, velocity, and the second gear system receives the output mechanical work from the first gear system, as input, and outputs mechanical work with a third different force and third different velocity.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The operable implant according to claim 7, wherein the first and second gear systems are positioned coaxially, along a rotational axis of the first and second gear systems.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The operable implant according to claim 7, wherein the movable part comprises a rotatable structure, and wherein the second gear of at least one of: the first and second gear system has a smaller diameter than the rotatable structure and is at least partially placed in a same axial plane, such that the rotatable structure at least partially axially overlaps the second gear of at least one of: the first and second gear system, such that at least one of the first and second gear system is at least partially placed inside of the electrical motor.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The operable implant according to claim 7, wherein the movable part comprises a rotatable structure, and wherein the first and second gears of the second gear system have a larger diameter than the rotatable structure, and are at least partially placed in a same axial plane, such that the first and second gears of the second gear system at least partially axially overlap the rotatable structure, such that the electrical motor is at least partially placed inside the second gear system.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The operable implant according to claim 7, wherein the second gear of the first or second gear system is at least partially placed in a same axial plane as at least one of the movable parts and the static parts, such that at least one of the movable parts and the static parts at least partially axially overlaps the second gear, such that the first or second gear system is at least partially placed inside of the electrical motor.

### Claim 12 (depends on 7)

The operable implant according to claim 7, wherein the operable element of the first or second gear system is adapted to deflect the first gear of the first or second gear system, and to maintain the first gear deflected such that the teeth of the first gear are interengaged with the teeth of the second gear of the first or second Rear system, in at least one of one position, two positions or three positions, wherein the one, two and three positions are angularly spaced positions interspaced by positions at which the teeth are not interengaged.

### Claim 13 (depends on 7)

The operable implant according to claim 7, wherein the first gear directly or indirectly connects to a threaded member adapted to transform a radially rotating force to an axially reciprocating force.

### Claim 14 (depends on 7)

The operable implant according to claim 7, wherein the first gear directly or indirectly connects to a movable wall portion of a hydraulic, reservoir.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The operable implant according to claim 14, wherein a portion of a wall of the hydraulic reservoir comprises at least one of: a bellows structure, a shape adapted to allow movement although covered with fibrosis, and a plate shaped surface, in all cases enabling movement of the portion of the wall, enabling compression and/or expansion of the reservoir.

### Claim 16

An operable implant adapted to be implanted in the body of a patient, the operable implant comprising an operation device and a body engaging portion, the operation device comprises an electrical motor comprising a static part comprising a plurality of coils and a movable part comprising a plurality of magnets, such that sequential energizing of said coils magnetically propels the magnets and thus propels the movable part, wherein the operable implant further comprises a gear system adapted to receive mechanical work having a first force and velocity as input, from the movable part of the electrical motor, and output mechanical work having a different force and velocity, wherein the gear system comprises:
an operable element connected to the movable part and configured to be propelled by the movable part,
a first gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a first number of teeth, on an outside thereof, and
a second gear having the shape of a hollow cylinder, comprising a greater number of teeth than the first gear, on an inside surface thereof, wherein the operable element is adapted to engage an inside of the first gear, such that the outside of the first gear is pressed against the inside surface of the second gear such that the teeth of the first gear are interengaged with the teeth of the second gear in at least one engaging position interspaced by at least one position at which the teeth are not interengaged, and wherein the operation of the operable element advances the at least one engaging position and thereby causes relative rotation between the first gear and the second gear, wherein the operable element comprises at least one of a planet gear, or a structure or wheel at least partly using friction to interconnect with the first gear.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the operable element is adapted to deflect the first gear, and to maintain the first gear deflected such that the teeth of the first gear are interengaged with the teeth of the second gear in at least one of one position, two positions, three positions, and four or more positions, wherein the two, three and four positions are angularly spaced positions interspaced by positions at which the teeth are not interengaged.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the gear system comprises a third gear, and wherein an inside of the third gear comprises the same amount of teeth as the outside of the first gear, and wherein teeth of the third gear are adapted to interengage with the teeth of the first gear such that the third gear rotates in relation to the second gear, along with the at least two angularly spaced positions.

### Claim 19 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the first gear directly or indirectly connects to a threaded member adapted to transform a radially rotating force to an axially reciprocating force.

### Claim 20 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the first gear directly or indirectly connects to a movable wall portion of a first hydraulic reservoir.

### Claim 21 (depends on 20)

The operable implant according to claim 20, wherein a portion of a wall of the first hydraulic reservoir comprises at least one of: a bellows structure, a shape adapted to allow movement although covered with fibrosis, and a plate shaped surface, in all cases enabling movement of the portion of the wall, enabling compression and/or expansion of the first hydraulic reservoir.

### Claim 22 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the operation device comprises a first hydraulic pump for operating the body engaging portion.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The operable implant according to claim 22, wherein the operation device further comprises a second body engaging portion, and wherein the body engaging portion and the second body engaging portion are connected to a respective end of the first hydraulic pump.

### Claim 24 (depends on 22)

The operable implant according to claim 22, wherein the first hydraulic pump is a non-valve pump, a pump comprising at least one valve, a peristaltic pump, or a membrane pump, a gear pump or a bellows pump.

### Claim 25 (depends on 22)

The operable implant according to claim 22, wherein the first hydraulic pump is a gear pump.

### Claim 26 (depends on 22)

The operable implant according to claim 22, further comprising at least one of: a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and position sensor arranged in connection with at least one of the first hydraulic pump and a reservoir connected to the first hydraulic pump for determining at least one of: the pressure or volume in the reservoir, and the pressure or flow from the first hydraulic pump.

### Claim 27 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the operation device comprises a first hydraulic pump for operating the body engaging portion, and a second hydraulic pump for operating a second body engaging portion.

### Claim 28 (depends on 27)

The operable implant according to claim 27, wherein the second hydraulic pump is a non-valve pump, a pump comprising at least one valve, a peristaltic pump, or a membrane pump, a gear pump or a bellows pump.

### Claim 29 (depends on 27)

The operable implant according to claim 27, wherein the second hydraulic pump is a gear pump.

### Claim 30 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the body engaging portion is adapted to constrict a luminary organ to stop a flow of a fluid therein.

### Claim 31 (depends on 30)

The operable implant according to claim 30, wherein
the body engaging portion is adapted to lift a urethra to relieve a patient of incontinence, or
the body engaging portion is a torus-shaped hydraulically inflatable body engaging portion, the hydraulically inflatable body engaging portion being elastic or collapsible such that the inflation thereof constricts the luminary organ.

### Claim 32 (depends on 30)

The operable implant according to claim 30, wherein the luminary organ is a urethra.

### Claim 33 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, wherein the body engaging portion comprises a first and a second hydraulically operable body engaging portion, the first and second hydraulically operable body engaging portions being adapted to constrict a luminary organ to stop a flow of a fluid therein.

### Claim 34 (depends on 33)

The operable implant according to claim 33, wherein the operation device comprises a first hydraulic pump for operating the body engaging portion, and a second hydraulic pump for operating a second body engaging portion, and the first and second hydraulically operable body engaging portions are connected to a respective first and second hydraulic pump, or wherein the operation device comprises a first hydraulic pump for operating the body engaging portion and the first and second hydraulically operable body engaging portions are connected to a first and second end of the first hydraulic pump.

### Claim 35 (depends on 16)

The operable implant according to claim 16, further comprising a communications unit for communicating with an external unit, the communications unit being configured to transmit a feedback signal from the operable implant.

### Claim 36 (depends on 35)

The operable implant according to claim 35, wherein the feedback signal comprises a sensor parameter relating to a physiological or a physical sensor parameter related to a status of a body of the patient.

### Claim 37 (depends on 36)

The operable implant according to claim 36, wherein the physical or functional parameter is related to an energy received at the operable implant or an energy delivered to the body of the patient.

### Claim 38 (depends on 35)

The operable implant according to claim 35, wherein the feedback signal comprises a sensor parameter relating to a physical or a functional parameter related to status of the operable implant.

### Claim 39 (depends on 38)

The operable implant according to claim 38, wherein the physical or functional parameter comprises an electrical parameter, a current, an impedance, a parameter related to a fluid, a pressure, a flow rate, a temperature, a volume, a weight, and/or a viscosity.

### Claim 40 (depends on 38)

The operable implant according to claim 38, wherein the physical or functional parameter comprises a voltage.

### Claim 41 (depends on 38)

The operable implant according to claim 38, wherein the operation device comprises a first hydraulic pump and a first reservoir for operating the body engaging portion, and wherein the operable implant further comprises a first pressure sensor arranged in connection with at least one of the first hydraulic pump and the first reservoir for determining the pressure in the first reservoir or the pressure from the first hydraulic pump, wherein the feedback signal comprises a measurement from the first pressure sensor.

### Claim 42 (depends on 41)

The operable implant according to claim 41, wherein the operation device further comprises a second hydraulic pump and a second reservoir for operating the body engaging portion, and wherein the operable implant further comprises a second pressure sensor arranged in connection with at least one of the second hydraulic pump and the second reservoir for determining the pressure in the second reservoir or the pressure from the second hydraulic pump, wherein the feedback signal comprises a measurement from the second pressure sensor.