Reactor system coupled to an energy emitter control circuit

A system comprising:

• a microwave energy source configured to generate a microwave energy, the microwave energy source having an operating power level including an on-state and an off-state;
• a control circuit coupled to the microwave energy source and including an output to generate a control signal configured to maintain the operating power level of the microwave energy within a defined proximity to the on-state;
• a voltage generator configured to apply a non-zero voltage to the microwave energy source during the off-state, wherein a frequency and a duty cycle of the non-zero voltage is based on a frequency and a duty cycle of the control signal;
• and
• a waveguide configured to act as a reactor and coupled to the microwave energy source, the waveguide comprising:
• a reaction zone configured to generate a plasma in response to the microwave energy;
• an inlet configured to inject a raw material into the reaction zone;
• and
• an outlet configured to output a powder based on the raw material.