# US 11,079,473 B2 · Timing control circuit for guided wave radar level transmitter

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- Number: US 11,079,473 B2
- Document ID: US11079473B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/371,126
- Filed: 2019-04-01
- Published: 2020-10-01
- Granted: 2021-08-03
- Earliest claimed: 2019-04-01
- Assignees: ABB Schweiz AG
- Applicants: ABB Schweiz AG
- Inventors: Yvan Mimeault; Patrick Couture
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11079473B2

## CPC

- G01S 7/282: Transmitters
- G01F 23/284: Electromagnetic waves
- G01S 13/103: {particularities of the measurement of the distance (G01S13/12, G01S13/14, G01S13/16, G01S13/18 and G01S13/20 take precedence)}
- G01S 13/88: Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications (electromagnetic prospecting or detecting of objects, e.g. near-field detection, G01V3/00)
- G01F 23/802: {Particular electronic circuits for digital processing equipment}
- G01S 7/02: of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01F: MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME

## Abstract

In at least one illustrative embodiment, a guided wave radar (GWR) level transmitter may comprise a timing circuit including a first oscillator circuit and a second oscillator circuit, a coincidence circuit configured to generate a coincidence signal indicative of phase shifts created by a difference between first and second frequencies of the first and second oscillator circuits, and a microcontroller configured to (i) determine a stretching factor based on the coincidence signal and at least one of the oscillator signals, (ii) calculate, when the stretching factor is within a first range, a distance to a media surface using the stretching factor, and (iii) adjust, when the stretching factor is outside of a second range, at least one of the first and second oscillator circuits to adjust the difference between the first and second frequencies.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A guided wave radar (GWR) level transmitter comprising:
a timing circuit including a first oscillator circuit and a second oscillator circuit, wherein the first oscillator circuit is configured to produce a first signal having a first frequency to be transmitted along a waveguide probe toward a media surface, and wherein the second oscillator is configured to produce a second signal having a second frequency;
a coincidence circuit configured to produce a coincidence signal indicative of phase shifts created by a difference between the first and second frequencies; and
a microcontroller configured to:
determine a stretching factor based on the coincidence signal and at least one of the first and second signals;
calculate, in response to a determination that the stretching factor is within a first range, a distance between the media surface and a proximal end of the waveguide probe using the stretching factor; and
adjust, in response to a determination that the stretching factor is outside of a second range, at least one of the first and second oscillator circuits to adjust the difference between the first and second frequencies.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 1, wherein the first range is larger than the second range.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 1, further comprising a mixing and filtering circuit configured to produce a time-translated signal by mixing the second signal with a reflected signal received from the waveguide probe in response to the first signal being transmitted along the waveguide probe, wherein the microcontroller is configured to calculate the distance between the media surface and the proximal end of the waveguide probe by applying the stretching factor to the time-translated signal.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 3, wherein the mixing and filtering circuit is configured to band pass filter a product of mixing the second signal with the reflected signal to produce the time-translated signal.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 4, further comprising an analog-to-digital converter configured to convert the time-translated signal into a digital signal for presentation to the microcontroller.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 1, wherein to determine the stretching factor comprises to determine a number of pulses produced by one of the first and second oscillator circuits during one period of the coincidence signal.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 1, further comprising a pulsor circuit configured to selectively transmit the first signal to the waveguide probe.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is configured to adjust both of the first and second oscillator circuits when adjustment of only one of the first and second oscillator circuits is insufficient to bring the stretching factor within the second range.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 1, further comprising a voltage-controlled oscillator operable by the microcontroller to adjust at least one of (i) the first oscillator circuit to change the first frequency and (ii) the second oscillator circuit to change the second frequency, in response to a determination that the stretching factor is outside of the second range.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The GWR level transmitter of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller comprises a single integrated circuit configured to determine the stretching factor, determine whether the stretching factor is within the first and second ranges, calculate the distance between the media surface and the proximal end of the waveguide probe, and adjust at least one of the first and second oscillator circuits to adjust the difference between the first and second frequencies.

### Claim 11

A method comprising:
producing a first oscillator signal having a first frequency;
producing a second oscillator signal having a second frequency;
comparing the first and second oscillator signals to produce a coincidence signal indicative of phase shifts created by a difference between the first and second frequencies;
transmitting the first oscillator signal along a waveguide probe toward a media surface;
receiving a reflected signal from the waveguide probe in response to the first oscillator signal being transmitted along the waveguide probe;
determining, with a processor, a stretching factor based on the coincidence signal and at least one of the first and second oscillator signals;
calculating, with the processor, when the stretching factor is within a first range, a distance between the media surface and a proximal end of the waveguide probe using the stretching factor; and
adjusting, with the processor, when the stretching factor is outside of a second range, at least one of the first and second oscillator signals to adjust the difference between the first and second frequencies.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the first range is larger than the second range.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, further comprising mixing the reflected signal with the second oscillator signal to produce a time-translated signal, wherein calculating the distance between the media surface and the proximal end of the waveguide probe comprising applying the stretching factor to the time-translated signal.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein a product of mixing the reflected signal with the second oscillator signal is band pass filtered to produce the time-translated signal.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method of claim 14, further comprising converting the time-translated signal into a digital signal for presentation to the processor.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein determining the stretching factor comprises determining a number of pulses in one of the first and second oscillator signals during one period of the coincidence signal.

### Claim 17 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein transmitting the first oscillator signal along the waveguide probe comprises activating a pulsor circuit.

### Claim 18 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, comprising adjusting both of the first and second oscillator signals when adjustment of only one of the first and second oscillator signals is insufficient to bring the stretching factor within the second range.

### Claim 19 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein adjusting at least one of the first and second oscillator signals to adjust the difference between the first and second frequencies comprises using a voltage controlled oscillator to adjust the first frequency of the first oscillator signal.

### Claim 20 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein adjusting at least one of the first and second oscillator signals to adjust the difference between the first and second frequencies comprises using a voltage-controlled oscillator to adjust the second frequency of the second oscillator signal.