# US 11,079,465 B2 · Method and apparatus for estimating location of signal source > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,079,465 B2 - Document ID: US11079465B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/541,667 - Filed: 2019-08-15 - Published: 2020-04-30 - Granted: 2021-08-03 - Earliest claimed: 2018-10-30 - Assignees: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute - Applicants: Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute - Inventors: Jung-Bin Kim - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11079465B2 ## CPC - G01S 5/04: Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders - H04B 7/028: {Spatial transmit diversity using a single antenna at the transmitter} - G01S 3/46: using antennas spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems - G01S 3/74: Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single antenna system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals (systems in which the directions of different signals are determined sequentially and displayed simultaneously G01S3/04, G01S3/14) - H04B 7/0482: {Adaptive codebooks} - H04W 64/003: {locating network equipment} - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract Disclosed is a method and apparatus for estimating a signal source, the method including receiving, in at least one receiving node, a signal emitted from a signal source, extracting a steering matrix corresponding to a virtual antenna array by vectorizing the signal received in the at least one receiving node, and estimating a location of the signal source based on the steering matrix. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of estimating a location of a signal source, the method comprising: receiving, in at least one receiving node, a signal emitted from a signal source; extracting a steering matrix corresponding to a virtual antenna array by vectorizing the signal received in the at least one receiving node; and estimating a location of the signal source based on the steering matrix, wherein the extracting the steering matrix comprises extracting the steering matrix based on a location of the signal source to be estimated, wherein the extracting the steering matrix comprises: generating a first direction vector based on a first location of a first receiving node among the receiving node, generating a second direction vector based on a second location of a second receiving node among the receiving node, and extracting the steering matrix based on the first direction vector and the second direction vector. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting comprises: calculating a coefficient included in the steering matrix based on information on a reception location in which the signal is received by the at least one receiving node and an electromagnetic-wave propagation model; and extracting the steering matrix based on the coefficient. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the calculating comprises: calculating a distance between the reception location and each of candidate locations of the signal source; calculating a phase of the coefficient; and calculating a magnitude of the coefficient using the distance and the electromagnetic-wave propagation model. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the calculating of the phase comprises: calculating the phase based on a carrier frequency of the signal source, a propagation time of the signal, and a propagation speed of the signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the calculating of the magnitude comprises: calculating a magnitude of the coefficient using a pathloss model based on the distance. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting comprises: calculating a coefficient included in the steering matrix based on a reference signal received from the signal source; and extracting the steering matrix based on the coefficient. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the calculating of the coefficient comprises: calculating the coefficient by periodically or aperiodically receiving a constant signal corresponding to the reception location based on an orthogonal or non-orthogonal method. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting comprises: vectorizing the signal by time shift of the signal when a difference between distances from the signal source to the at least one receiving node is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the estimating comprises: calculating a covariance matrix from a time sample of the vectorized signal; extracting an eigenvalue and an eigenvector from the covariance matrix; and estimating a location of the signal source based on the eigenvector and the steering matrix. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the estimating of the location of the signal source based on the eigenvector comprises: estimating, as a location of the signal source, a point corresponding to a peak value of a spatial power spectrum based on the steering matrix and the eigenvector. ### Claim 11 An apparatus for estimating a location of a signal source, the apparatus comprising: a receiver configured to receive, in at least one receiving node, a signal emitted from a signal source; and a processor configured to extract a steering matrix corresponding to a virtual antenna array by vectorizing the signal received in the at least one receiving node and estimate a location of the signal source based on the steering matrix, wherein the processor further configured to: extract the steering matrix based on a location of the signal source to be estimated, generate a first direction vector based on a first location of a first receiving node among the receiving node, generate a second direction vector based on a second location of a second receiving node among the receiving node, and extract the steering matrix based on the first direction vector and the second direction vector. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is configured to calculate a coefficient included in the steering matrix based on information on a reception location in which the signal is received by the at least one receiving node and an electromagnetic-wave propagation model, and extract the steering matrix based on the coefficient. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the processor is configured to calculate a distance between the reception location and each of candidate locations of the signal source, calculate a phase of the coefficient, and calculate a magnitude of the coefficient using the distance and the electromagnetic-wave propagation model. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor is configured to calculate the phase based on a carrier frequency of the signal source, a propagation time of the signal, and a propagation speed of the signal. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor is configured to calculate a magnitude of the coefficient using a pathloss model based on the distance. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is configured to calculate a coefficient included in the steering matrix based on a reference signal received from the signal source and extract the steering matrix based on the coefficient. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the processor is configured to calculate the coefficient by periodically or aperiodically receiving a constant signal corresponding to the reception location based on an orthogonal or non-orthogonal method. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is configured to vectorize the signal by time shift of the signal when a difference between distances from the signal source to the at least one receiving node is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the processor is configured to calculate a covariance matrix from a time sample of the vectorized signal, extract an eigenvalue and an eigenvector from the covariance matrix, and estimate a location of the signal source based on the eigenvector and the steering matrix. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processor is configured to estimate, as a location of the signal source, a point corresponding to a peak value of a spatial power spectrum based on the steering matrix and the eigenvector.