# US 11,079,436 B2 · Multiple merging unit testing system

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- Number: US 11,079,436 B2
- Document ID: US11079436B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/919,891
- Filed: 2020-07-02
- Published: 2021-04-15
- Granted: 2021-08-03
- Earliest claimed: 2019-10-12
- Assignees: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
- Applicants: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
- Inventors: Edmund O. Schweitzer, III; David E. Whitehead; Krishnanjan Gubba Ravikumar; Austin Edward Wade
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11079436B2

## CPC

- G01R 31/3278: {of relays, solenoids or reed switches (measuring contact resistance G01R27/205; high voltage magnetic switches G01R31/3271, G01R31/333; testing electric windings G01R31/72; monitoring of fail safe circuits H01H47/002)}
- G01R 35/02: of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)

## Abstract

Systems and methods testing a power protection relay include a merging unit to receive signals from an electric power delivery system. The merging unit includes a test signal input to receive test signals from a testing device, a relay output to output at least one of the test signals to a power protection relay, a distribution output to output at least another of the test signals to one or more additional merging units, and a switch subsystem to route the test signal to the relay output or the distribution output.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system to test a protection relay for use in an electric power system, comprising:
a first merging unit to receive electric power system signals from an electric power delivery
system, the first merging unit comprising:
a test signal input to receive a plurality of test signals;
a protection relay output to communicate a first subset of the plurality of test signals to the protection relay;
a distribution output to communicate a second subset of the plurality of test signals; and
a switch subsystem to selectively route the test signals to the relay output or the distribution output; and
a second merging unit in communication with the first merging unit via the distribution output to receive the second subset of the plurality of test signals.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, further comprising a testing device to generate the plurality of test signals comprising at least one of a current or a voltage.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The system of claim 2, wherein the testing device comprises a plurality of phase outputs to transmit phase test signals to the first merging unit, the phase test signals comprising a plurality of alternating current signals of differing phase.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the system is to redirect the first subset of the plurality of test signals to the second merging unit using the switch subsystem and to redirect the second subset of the plurality of test signals to the protection relay using the switch subsystem.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of test signals comprise at least one of a current signal or a voltage signal in a first phase to the protection relay.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein communications between the testing unit and the second merging unit pass through the first merging unit via an existing communication link between the first merging unit and the second merging unit.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first merging unit further comprises a signal conversion subsystem comprising one or more analog-to-digital (A/D) converters to convert the test signals from the testing device from an analog signal to a digital signal.

### Claim 8

A system to test a protection relay for use in an electric power system, comprising:
a first merging unit to receive electric power system signals from an electric power delivery system, the first merging unit comprising:
a test signal input to receive a plurality of test signals;
a protection relay output to communicate a first subset of the plurality of test signals to the protection relay;
a distribution output to communicate a second subset of the plurality of test signals; and
a switch subsystem to selectively route the test signals to the relay output or the distribution output;
a signal conversion subsystem comprising one or more analog-to-digital (A/D) converters to convert the test signals from the testing device from an analog signal to a digital signal; and
a packetizing subsystem to group at least some of the test signals after being converted by the signal conversion subsystem.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The system of claim 8, the first merging unit further to send the grouped test signals to one of the protection relay output or the distribution output.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the test signal input comprises two or more inputs, and wherein the switch subsystem comprises a logical switch to selectively direct each of the two or more inputs.

### Claim 11

A system to test a protection relay, comprising:
a test device comprising phase outputs to transmit a plurality of phase test signals;
a first merging unit in communication with the test device, the first merging unit comprising:
a first test signal input to receive the plurality of phase test signals;
a first protection relay output to communicate a first subset of the phase test signals to the protection relay; and
a first distribution output to communicate a second subset of the plurality of phase test signals;
a second merging unit in communication with the first distribution output of the first merging unit, the second merging unit comprising:
a second test signal input to receive the second subset of the plurality of phase test signals from the first distribution output of the first merging unit; and
a second protection relay output to communicate the second subset of the plurality of phase test signals to the power protection relay.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein the first merging unit further comprises an interface to selective direct the phase test signals to one of the power protection relay or the second merging unit.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the interface comprises multiple switches, each in communication with a respective one of the phase outputs.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, wherein communications between the testing unit and the second merging unit pass through the first merging unit via an existing communication link between the first merging unit and the second merging unit.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The system of claim 11, further comprising a test controller to control the test device.

### Claim 16

A method of testing a protection relay of an electric power delivery system, the method comprising:
receiving a plurality of test signals with a first merging unit from a testing device;
directing a first subset of the plurality of test signals through a switch subsystem of the first merging unit to the protection relay;
directing a second subset of the plurality of test signals through the switch subsystem of the first merging unit to a second merging unit;
directing the second subset of the plurality of test signals through the second merging unit to the protection relay;
converting the test signals from analog signals to digital signals with one or more analog-to-digital converters of the first merging unit; and
bypassing an analog-to-digital converter in the second merging unit when supplying at least some of the test signals from the first merging unit.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, further comprising:
redirecting the first subset of the plurality of test signals to the second merging unit using an interface; and
redirecting the second subset of the plurality of test signals to the protection relay using the interface.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, further comprising directing a third subset of the plurality of test signals to a third merging unit.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method of claim 18, further comprising sending the third subset of the plurality of test signals from a distribution output of the second merging unit.

### Claim 20 (depends on 18)

The method of claim 18, further comprising packetizing the test signals after converting the plurality of test signals from the analog signals to the digital signals.