# US 11,079,371 B2 · Chemical sensors with non-covalent surface modification of graphene

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 11,079,371 B2
- Document ID: US11079371B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/280,635
- Filed: 2019-02-20
- Published: 2019-08-22
- Granted: 2021-08-03
- Earliest claimed: 2018-02-20
- Assignees: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.; Regents of the University of Minnesota
- Applicants: Regents of the University of Minnesota; Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
- Inventors: Xue Zhen; Philippe Pierre Joseph Buhlmann; Steven J. Koester; Yao Zhang; Justin Theodore Nelson
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11079371B2

## CPC

- G01N 33/5308: {for analytes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. nucleic acids, uric acid, worms, mites}
- G01N 27/125: {Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer}
- G01N 27/227: {Sensors changing capacitance upon adsorption or absorption of fluid components, e.g. electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor sensors, MOS capacitors (G01N27/225 takes precedence)}
- A61B 5/082: {Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath (A61B5/083, A61B5/091 take precedence)}
- G01N 27/4146: {involving nanosized elements, e.g. nanotubes, nanowires}
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)

## Abstract

Embodiments herein relate to chemical sensors, devices and systems including the same, and related methods. In an embodiment, a medical device is included. The medical device can include a graphene varactor. The graphene varactor can include a graphene layer and a self-assembled monolayer disposed on an outer surface of the graphene layer through π-π stacking interactions. The self-assembled monolayer can provide a Langmuir theta value of at least 0.9. The self-assembled monolayer can include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tetraphenylporphyrins or derivatives thereof, metallotetraphenylporphyrins, or aromatic cyclodextrins. Other embodiments are also included herein.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A medical device comprising:
a graphene varactor comprising:
a graphene layer;
a self-assembled monolayer disposed on an outer surface of the graphene layer through π-π stacking interactions; and
wherein the self-assembled monolayer provides a Langmuir theta value of at least 0.9;
wherein the self-assembled monolayer comprises at least one metallotetraphenylporphyrin compound having the formula
wherein M is any metal atom comprising aluminum, calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, ruthenium, palladium, or derivatives thereof; where n can be any integer from 1 to 5; m can be 1 or 2; R1 through R8 comprise —H; —X, where X is any halogen atom; —R9; —R10OH; —R11COOH; —R12COOR13; —R14OR15; —R16COH; —R17COR18; —R19NH3+; —R20NH2; —R21NR22; —R23NR24R25+; —R26X or —R27COX, where X is any halogen atom; —R28SH or any combination thereof; and R9, through R28 comprise any linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl, C1-C12 alkenyl, C1-C12 alkynyl, or any combination thereof, or can be absent such that the remaining portion of the functional group is covalently bound directly to one or more carbon atoms of the base aromatic ring structure.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The medical device of claim 1, comprising a plurality of graphene varactors configured in an array on the medical device.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The medical device of claim 1, wherein the self-assembled monolayer provides a Langmuir theta value of at least 0.98.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The medical device of claim 1, wherein the self-assembled monolayer provides coverage over the outer surface of the graphene layer from 50% to 150% by surface area.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The medical device of claim 1, wherein the self-assembled monolayer provides coverage over the outer surface of the graphene layer from 99% to 120% by surface area.