# US 11,078,513 B2 · Enzyme stabilization in electrochemical sensors > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,078,513 B2 - Document ID: US11078513B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/881,990 - Filed: 2018-01-29 - Published: 2018-08-09 - Granted: 2021-08-03 - Earliest claimed: 2009-05-15 - Assignees: Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. - Applicants: Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. - Inventors: Gregor Ocvirk; Claudia Gaessler-Dietsche - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11078513B2 ## CPC - C12Q 1/006: {for glucose} - A61B 5/14532: {for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement} - A61B 5/1486: using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase - C12Q 1/001: {Enzyme electrodes} - C12Q: MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS (immunoassay G01N33/53); COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract The present invention relates to a composition for forming an electrode, an electrochemical sensor comprising the same, and a method for determining an analyte using the electrochemical sensor. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A composition for forming an electrode, the composition comprising: an electrically conductive component; an electrically nonconductive or semiconductive component; and an analyte-specific enzyme, wherein the analyte specific enzyme is covalently bonded only to the electrically conductive component, and wherein the electrically nonconductive or semiconductive component stabilizes the analyte specific enzyme. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive component is a H2O2-decomposition catalyst. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive component is selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, carbon black, graphite, carbonaceous nanotubes, palladium, platinum, and hydroxides of iron oxide. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The composition according to claim 3, wherein the electrically conductive component is selected from the group consisting of graphite and carbonaceous nanotubes. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme is an oxidase. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The composition according to claim 5, wherein the enzyme is a glucose oxidase. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one electrically nonconductive or semiconductive component comprises a H2O2-decomposition catalyst. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one electrically nonconductive or semiconductive component is selected from the group consisting of an H2O2-degrading metal oxide and an H2O2-degrading enzyme. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The composition according to claim 8, wherein the at least one electrically nonconductive or semiconductive component comprises Ag2O, Al2O3 or an oxide of a metal of the 4th period of the periodic table. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The composition according to claim 8, wherein the at least one electrically nonconductive or semiconductive component comprises peroxidase or catalase. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The composition according to claim 9, wherein the oxide of a metal of the 4th period of the periodic table is MnO2, Mn3O4 or Mn5O8, CuO or ZnO. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive component and/or the electrically nonconductive or semiconductive enzyme-stabilizing component is provided in the form of nanoparticles. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one binder selected from the group consisting of fluorinated hydrocarbons, polycarbonates, polyisoprene, polyurethanes, acrylic resins, polyvinyl resins and silicones. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the electrically conductive component and/or the electrically nonconductive or semiconductive enzyme-stabilizing component is homogeneously dispersed in the composition. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The composition according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme has a residual activity of at least 90% after storing the composition for at least 4 weeks at a temperature of 4° C., based on the total activity of the enzyme before storage. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The composition according to claim 15, wherein the enzyme has a residual activity of at least 90% after storing the composition for at least 28 weeks at a temperature of 4° C., based on the total activity of the enzyme before storage. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) An electrochemical sensor for determining an analyte, the sensor comprising at least one working electrode and at least one reference electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises the composition according to claim 1. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The electrochemical sensor according to claim 17, wherein it comprises a biocompatible coating covering the working electrode and the reference electrode. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The electrochemical sensor according to claim 17 for determining an analyte in a body fluid. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The electrochemical sensor according to claim 17 for determining an analyte selected from the group consisting of malic acid, alcohol, ammonium, ascorbic acid, cholesterol, cysteine, glucose, glutathione, glycerol, urea, 3-hydroxybutyrate, lactic acid, 5′-nucleotidase, peptides, pyruvate, salicylate and triglycerides. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The electrochemical sensor according to claim 20 for determining glucose. ### Claim 22 (depends on 17) A method for determining an analyte, comprising the steps: (a) contacting a sample containing the analyte with an electrochemical sensor according to claim 17, and (b) determining the presence and/or the amount of the analyte. ### Claim 23 A composition for forming an electrode, the composition comprising: an electrically conductive component covalently bonded to an analyte-specific enzyme, and an electrically nonconductive or semiconductive component, wherein only the electrically conductive component is covalently bonded to the analyte-specific enzyme.