# US 11,078,426 B2 · Methods, systems, and devices for liquid hydrocarbon fuel production, hydrocarbon chemical production, and aerosol capture

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- Number: US 11,078,426 B2
- Document ID: US11078426B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/792,441
- Filed: 2020-02-17
- Published: 2020-11-12
- Granted: 2021-08-03
- Earliest claimed: 2014-01-10
- Assignees: Proton Power, Inc.
- Applicants: Proton Power, Inc.
- Inventors: Samuel C. Weaver; Daniel L. Hensley; Samuel P. Weaver; Daniel C. Weaver; Lee S. Smith
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11078426B2

## CPC

- C10G 1/02: by distillation
- B01D 45/08: by impingement against baffle separators
- B01D 47/02: by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
- B01D 50/40: Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D47/00
- B01D 53/1412: {Controlling the absorption process}
- B01D 53/1418: {Recovery of products}
- B01D 53/1425: {Regeneration of liquid absorbents}
- B01D 53/1487: {Removing organic compounds}
- B01D 53/1493: {Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents}
- C10B 1/02: Stationary retorts
- C10B 7/10: with conveyor-screws
- C10B 47/06: in retorts
- C10B 47/44: with conveyor-screws
- C10B 53/00: Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form (wet carbonising of peat C10F)
- C10B 53/02: of cellulose-containing material (production of pyroligneous acid C10C5/00)
- C10G 1/00: Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal (mechanical winning of oil from oil-shales, oil-sand, or the like B03B)
- C10G 1/002: {in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes}
- C10G 1/06: by destructive hydrogenation
- C10G 3/40: {Thermal non-catalytic treatment}
- C10L 1/04: essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L 1/06: for spark ignition
- C10L 1/08: for compression ignition
- B01D 2252/103: Water
- C10G 2300/1011: Biomass
- C10G 2400/02: Gasoline
- C10G 2400/04: Diesel oil
- C10G 2400/08: Jet fuel
- C10L 2200/0469: Renewables or materials of biological origin
- C10L 2270/023: for gasoline engines
- C10L 2270/026: for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
- C10L 2270/04: for turbines, planes, power generation
- C10L 2290/02: Combustion or pyrolysis
- C10L 2290/06: Heat exchange, direct or indirect
- C10L 2290/08: Drying or removing water
- C10L 2290/24: Mixing, stirring of fuel components
- C10L 2290/543: Distillation, fractionation or rectification for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L 2290/544: Extraction for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L 2290/547: Filtration for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L 2290/56: Specific details of the apparatus for preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- Y02E 50/10: Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
- Y02P 30/20: using bio-feedstock
- Y02T 50/678: Aviation using fuels of non-fossil origin
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- C10B: DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS (cracking oils C10G; underground gasification of minerals E21B43/295)
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for liquid hydrocarbon fuel production, hydrocarbon chemical production, and aerosol capture are provided. For example, a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound may be heated to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to generate at least a hydrocarbon compound that may be at least a component of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel or a hydrocarbon chemical. The liquid hydrocarbon fuel may be a liquid when at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. The C—O—H compound may include biomass. In some cases, the hydrocarbon compound produced through the non-oxidation reaction includes a hydrocarbon aerosol form as the hydrocarbon compound at least as it is produced or cools. Some embodiments include aerosol capture methods, systems, and devices, which may include passing a hydrocarbon aerosol form through a material in a liquid phase in order to gather the aerosol material.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of direct liquid hydrocarbon fuel production comprising:
heating a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to generate at least a hydrocarbon aerosol that is at least a component of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, wherein the C—O—H compound has a residence time of at least 100 seconds, and
passing the hydrocarbon aerosol through a liquid fuel to gather the hydrocarbon aerosol and to form the liquid hydrocarbon fuel, wherein the liquid fuel includes at least gasoline, diesel, or aviation fuel.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the non-oxidation reaction comprises a pyrolysis reaction.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the C—O—H compound includes at least a biomass or a waste stream.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature is to at least 900 degrees Celsius.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the C—O—H compound has a residence time less than 1,000 seconds.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon aerosol includes naphthalene.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising removing water from the liquid hydrocarbon fuel.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, further comprising distilling the liquid hydrocarbon fuel.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, further comprising augmenting the liquid fuel with at least a portion of the distilled liquid hydrocarbon fuel.

### Claim 10

A system for direct production of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising:
a non-oxidation reaction chamber configured to heat a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen (C—O—H) compound to a temperature of at least 800 degrees Celsius such that the C—O—H compound reacts through a non-oxidation reaction to produce at least a hydrocarbon aerosol that is at least a component of the liquid hydrocarbon fuel, wherein the non-oxidation reaction chamber is configured such the C—O—H compound has a residence time of at least 100 seconds;
an aerosol gathering chamber coupled with the non-oxidation reaction chamber such that the hydrocarbon aerosol passes through a material in a liquid phase disposed within the aerosol gathering chamber to gather the hydrocarbon aerosol and to produce the liquid hydrocarbon fuel; and
the material in the liquid phase disposed within the aerosol gathering chamber, wherein the material in the liquid phase includes at least gasoline, diesel, or aviation fuel.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the non-oxidation reaction comprises a pyrolysis reaction.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the non-oxidation reaction chamber comprises a tube furnace.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, wherein the tube furnace includes a material composition that includes at least a high-nickel metal alloy.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The system of claim 12, further comprising an auger configured to effect continuous motion of material containing the C—O—H compound into and through the tube furnace.

### Claim 15 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the temperature is to at least 900 degrees Celsius.

### Claim 16 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the C—O—H compound comprises at least a biomass or a waste stream.

### Claim 17 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, further comprising a distiller coupled with the aerosol gathering chamber, wherein the distiller is configured to distill the liquid hydrocarbon fuel.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The system of claim 17, wherein the distiller is coupled with the aerosol gathering chamber such at least a portion of the distilled liquid hydrocarbon fuel augments the material in the liquid phase disposed within the aerosol gathering chamber.