# US 11,077,655 B2 · Multi-functional textile and related methods of manufacturing > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,077,655 B2 - Document ID: US11077655B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/994,804 - Filed: 2018-05-31 - Published: 2018-12-06 - Granted: 2021-08-03 - Earliest claimed: 2017-05-31 - Assignees: California Institute of Technology - Applicants: California Institute of Technology - Inventors: Raul Polit Casillas; Andrew A. Shapiro; John Paul Castelo Borgonia; Bryan William McEnerney - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11077655B2 ## CPC - B22F 10/28: Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM] - B32B 5/024: {Woven fabric} - B41F 15/0813: {with flat screens} - B41F 15/0831: {for printing webs} - B22F 3/1115: {comprising complex forms, e.g. honeycombs} - B22F 5/10: of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups - B22F 7/06: of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools {(B22F7/002 takes precedence)} - B22F 10/12: by photopolymerisation, e.g. stereolithography [SLA] or digital light processing [DLP] - B22F 10/25: Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS] - B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing - Y02P 10/25: Process efficiency - B22F: WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER (making alloys by powder metallurgy C22C); APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER - B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM - B41F: PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES (manifolding devices or office printing machines B41L) - B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract Printed textiles and related manufacturing methods are provided. Textile materials can include laced mesh fabrics made of rigid components. The laced mesh structures are designed for space applications, including but not limited to adaptive and foldable reflectors, capturing systems, debris and micrometeorite shielding, shading systems, sample capturing, and various other applications. The laced mesh structures are used in the generation of tailored, unique radio-frequency antennas and receivers that allow for active tuning/receiving capabilities. The tailored structure can also include multi-material systems mixing dielectric and conductive layers for enhanced, tunable transmission. Laced mesh structures can also be used for enhanced thermal control of components, with the ability to tailor thermal conductivity and emissivity, to create thermal engineered components via the generation of localized or global thermal response (e.g. zone thermal control). ## Claims ### Claim 1 A printed textile fabric comprising; a plurality of textile cells, each textile cell having a cell body comprising: a thermal absorbing side; and a thermal radiating side comprising a plurality of lacing elements; wherein: the surface area of the thermal radiating side is higher than the thermal absorbing side; the thermal absorbing side absorbs electromagnetic energy and the thermal radiating side radiates electromagnetic energy; each of the plurality of textile cells links with another one of the plurality of textile cells through the plurality of lacing elements; wherein the plurality of lacing elements comprises a plurality of lacing rings; wherein the thermal absorbing side defines a plane that intersects at least two points on the thermal absorbing side, and the plurality of lacing rings are configured to extend out of the plane on the side of the cell body opposite the thermal absorbing side at an acute angle relative to the plane; and the printed textile fabric further comprising at least one support ring disposed above the plane and parallel thereto, the at least one support ring being interconnected with each of the plurality of lacing rings. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of support pillars extending out of the plane, each support pillar being interconnected with at least two of the plurality of lacing rings. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The printed textile fabric of claim 2, wherein the plurality of support pillars are disposed at the corners of their respective textile cell. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of support pillars extending out of the plane, each support pillar being interconnected with at least two of the plurality of lacing rings and the support ring. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The printed textile fabric of claim 4, wherein the plurality of support pillars are disposed at the corners of their respective textile cell. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein the thermal absorbing side is about 7 mm wide by about 7 mm long and each of the lacing rings has a ring thickness between about 0.8 mm to about 1.5 mm. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein the lacing rings have non-identical thicknesses with each other. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein each of the lacing elements is fully enclosed. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein the plurality of textile cells is made of a polymer. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The printed textile fabric of claim 9, wherein the plurality of textile cells is coated with a metal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The printed textile fabric of claim 10, wherein the plurality of textile cells is made of carbon fiber reinforced nylon. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein the plurality of textile cells is made of a low-outgassing and O3 resistant material. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein the thermal absorbing side comprises a reflective material layer. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein multiple cell bodies are interconnected together through interlinked lace rings. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The printed textile fabric of claim 14, wherein each adjacent cell body is interconnected via a pair of interlinked lacing rings, one lace ring of the pair being disposed on each of the cell bodies. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein the plurality of lacing rings are encased within the cell body. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The printed textile fabric of claim 1, wherein the lacing rings are disposed at angles relative to the plane that are non-identical. ### Claim 18 A printed textile fabric comprising; a plurality of textile cells, each textile cell having a cell body comprising: a thermal absorbing side; and a thermal radiating side comprising a plurality of lacing elements; wherein: the surface area of the thermal radiating side is higher than the thermal absorbing side; the thermal absorbing side absorbs electromagnetic energy and the thermal radiating side radiates electromagnetic energy; each of the plurality of textile cells links with another one of the plurality of textile cells through the plurality of lacing elements; and wherein each of the lacing elements is fully enclosed. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The printed textile fabric of claim 18, wherein the plurality of lacing elements comprises a plurality of lacing rings. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The printed textile fabric of claim 19, wherein: the thermal absorbing side defines a plane that intersects at least two points on the thermal absorbing side; and the plurality of lacing rings are configured to extend out of the plane on the side of the cell body opposite the thermal absorbing side at an acute angle relative to the plane. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The printed textile fabric of claim 20, further comprising at least one support ring disposed above the plane and parallel thereto, the at least one support ring being interconnected with each of the plurality of lacing rings. ### Claim 22 (depends on 18) The printed textile fabric of claim 18, further comprising a plurality of support pillars extending out of the plane, each support pillar being interconnected with at least two of the plurality of lacing rings. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The printed textile fabric of claim 22, wherein the plurality of support pillars are disposed at the corners of their respective textile cell. ### Claim 24 (depends on 21) The printed textile fabric of claim 21, further comprising a plurality of support pillars extending out of the plane, each support pillar being interconnected with at least two of the plurality of lacing rings and the support ring. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The printed textile fabric of claim 24, wherein the plurality of support pillars are disposed at the corners of their respective textile cell.