# US 11,077,443 B2 · Apparatus for temperature modulation of samples > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,077,443 B2 - Document ID: US11077443B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/887,220 - Filed: 2018-02-02 - Published: 2018-08-02 - Granted: 2021-08-03 - Earliest claimed: 2017-02-02 - Assignees: University of Wyoming - Applicants: University of Wyoming - Inventors: Kennan Oyen; Michael Dillon - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11077443B2 ## CPC - B01L 3/50851: {specially adapted for heating or cooling samples} - B01L 7/00: Heating or cooling apparatus (autoclaves B01J3/04); Heat insulating devices - B01L 7/04: Heat insulating devices, e.g. jackets for flasks - G01N 1/44: Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat - B01L 2300/041: Connecting closures to device or container - B01L 2300/0809: rectangular shaped - B01L 2300/0883: Serpentine channels - B01L 2300/0887: Laminated structure - B01L 2300/12: Specific details about materials - B01L 2300/1805: Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks - B01L 2300/1894: Cooling means; Cryo cooling - B01L 2400/04: Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means - B01L: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) ## Abstract Embodiments described herein relate to apparatus for temperature modulation of samples. Generally, aspects of the disclosure provide for a portable cooling and heating apparatus which enables a user to visualize a sample during cooling or heating. In one embodiment, the apparatus include a sample block, a plurality of thermoelectric modules coupled to the sample block, and a cooling block coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules. In another embodiment, the cooling block is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir. Other embodiments utilize various insulating materials to influence thermal conductivity between the sample block and the cooling block to provide for enhanced temperature control and modulation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A temperature modulation apparatus, comprising: a sample block having a plurality of wells formed in a first surface of the sample block; a plurality of thermoelectric modules coupled to a second surface of the sample block opposite the first surface, wherein the plurality of thermoelectric modules are disposed in a stacked arrangement; a cooling block coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules opposite the sample block; a first insulation material coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules, the first insulation material extending between the second surface of the sample block and the cooling block; and a second insulation material comprising an adhesive film and a reflective material, the second insulation material surrounding the sample block, the first insulation material, and at least a portion of the cooling block. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sample block is formed from a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, and brass. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein a thickness of the sample block is between about 0.25 inches and about 3 inches. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cooling block comprises a plurality of fins extending from the cooling block opposite the plurality of thermoelectric modules. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cooling block has a serpentine channel formed therein. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a first surface of the first insulation material coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules is coated with an adhesive. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a second surface of the first insulation material disposed opposite the first surface of the first insulation material is coated with the reflective material. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the thermally reflective material is a metal foil. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a layer of metallic thermal paste disposed between each thermoelectric module of the plurality of thermoelectric modules. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein a layer of the metallic thermal paste is disposed between the second surface of the sample block and one thermoelectric module of the plurality of thermoelectric modules disposed adjacent the second surface of the sample block. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein a layer of the metallic thermal paste is disposed between the cooling block and one thermoelectric module of the plurality of thermoelectric modules disposed adjacent the cooling block. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the metallic thermal paste comprises silver, zinc oxide, and boron nitride. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a proportional-integrative-derivative controller coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a housing surrounding the second insulation material. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising: a lid removably coupled to the sample block. ### Claim 16 A temperature modulation apparatus, comprising: a metallic sample block having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite the first surface, wherein the first surface has one or more wells formed therein; a plurality of thermoelectric modules coupled to the second surface of the sample block, wherein each thermoelectric module of the plurality of thermoelectric modules is coupled to a different region of the second surface; a cooling block coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules opposite the sample block; a first insulation material coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules; and a second insulation material comprising an adhesive film and a reflective material, the second insulation material disposed radially outward of the sample block, the first insulation material, and the cooling block. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the plurality of thermoelectric modules includes two or more thermoelectric modules disposed in a stacked arrangement for each region of the second surface of the sample block. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the sample block and the cooling block are formed from the same material. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first insulation material is coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules by an adhesive material. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first insulation material comprises a thermally reflective layer disposed opposite the adhesive material. ### Claim 21 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising: a first thermal paste layer disposed between the second surface of the sample block and one or more of the plurality of thermoelectric modules; and a second thermal paste layer disposed between the one or more of the plurality of thermoelectric modules and the cooling block. ### Claim 22 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising: a proportional-integrative-derivative controller coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules. ### Claim 23 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the cooling block comprises a first portion coupled to a second portion, wherein a serpentine channel is formed between the first portion and the second portion. ### Claim 24 (depends on 16) The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising: a reservoir configured for fluid communication with the cooling block; and a pump configure for fluid communication with the reservoir. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The apparatus of claim 24, wherein a first conduit extends between the pump and the cooling block and a second conduit extends between the cooling block and the pump. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The apparatus of claim 25, wherein a portion of the first conduit is disposed within the reservoir, and wherein the portion of the first conduit disposed within the reservoir is disposed in a coiled configuration. ### Claim 27 A temperature modulation apparatus, comprising: an aluminum sample block; an aluminum cooling block; a plurality of thermoelectric modules disposed in a stacked arrangement and positioned between the sample block and the cooling block, wherein a metal containing ceramic paste is disposed between each of the plurality of thermoelectric modules; a first insulation material coupled to the plurality of thermoelectric modules, the first insulation material comprising: an adhesive coupled to a first surface of the first insulation material; and a thermally reflective material coupled to a second surface of the first insulation material; a second insulation material comprising an adhesive film and a reflective material, the second insulation material surrounding the sample block and the plurality of thermoelectric modules; a housing surrounding the second insulation material; and a proportional-integrative-derivative controller in electrical communication with the plurality of thermoelectric modules, wherein the proportional-integrative-derivative controller is disposed outside of the housing. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the cooling block comprises a plurality of fins extending beyond the housing. ### Claim 29 (depends on 26) The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the cooling block is in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir. ### Claim 30 (depends on 26) The apparatus of claim 26, wherein one or more wells are formed in a surface of the sample block.