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US 11,066,617 B2Granted
Quaternary ammonium compounds as fuel or lubricant additives
AssigneeInnospec Limited
InventorsJacqueline Reid, Stephen L. Cook
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A quaternary ammonium compound of formula (X): wherein R0, R1, R2 and R3 is each individually an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group and R includes an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl moiety having at least 5 carbon atoms.
Claims22
A method of preparing a fuel composition, said method comprising:
- preparing a quaternary ammonium compound by reacting:
- (a) a tertiary amine of formula R1R2R3N with;
- (b) an epoxide;
- in the presence of
- (c) a monoester of a diacid including an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl moiety having at least 5 carbon atoms;
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group;
- and mixing the quaternary ammonium compound into a fuel;
- and wherein the quaternary ammonium compound has the formula (Y):
- wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group;
- R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently selected from hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group;
- and R includes an optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl moiety having at least 6 carbon atoms;
- and wherein RCOO− is the residue of a monoester of a diacid.
9 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.