US 11,057,199 B2Granted

Secure probabilistic one-time program by quantum state distribution

AssigneesUniversität Wien, Singapore University of Technology and Design

InventorsMarie-Christine Röhsner, Philip Walther, Tiago Barbin Batalhao, Joshua Alexander Kettlewell, Joseph Fitzsimons

Life of this patent

Estimating the term…

Loading patent…

Abstract

Method and system for executing a one-time program comprising at least one instruction operating on at least one input value (a, b) and returning at least one output value (O), wherein each instruction of the one-time program is encoded onto a state of an elementary quantum system, comprising: encoding the at least one input value (a, b) onto a quantum gate according to a pre-defined input-encoding scheme; applying the quantum gate to the at least one elementary quantum system; making a measurement of a resulting state of the at least one elementary quantum system after the quantum gate; and determining the at least one output value from a result of the measurement.

Claims20

Dependent claims

A method, executed by one or more hardware processors, for executing a one-time program comprising at least one instruction operating on at least one input value (a, b) and returning at least one output value (O), for each instruction of the one-time program comprising the following steps:

providing by a program sending device at least one elementary quantum system in a pre-defined state;
encoding by the program sending device at least one instruction of a classical program onto the pre-defined state of the at least one elementary quantum system according to a pre-defined program-encoding scheme;
transmitting, by the one or more hardware processors, a resulting state of the at least one elementary quantum system via a computer network from the program sending device to a program receiving device, wherein the program receiving device is separate from the program sending device for execution;
receiving by the program receiving device, via the computer network the at least one elementary quantum system, wherein the resulting state of the at least one elementary quantum system represents the at least one instruction according to the pre-defined program-encoding scheme;
encoding by the program receiving device the at least one input value (a, b) onto a quantum gate according to a pre-defined input-encoding scheme;
applying the quantum gate to the at least one elementary quantum system;
making a measurement of the resulting state of the at least one elementary quantum system after the quantum gate;
and determining the at least one output value (O) from a result of the measurement,
wherein the at least one instruction is represented by a predetermined polarization state (ΦiA),ΦjB)) of at least one single photon (A, B), the quantum gate operating on the predetermined polarization state (ΦiA),ΦjB)), the measurement comprising detection of direction of the predetermined polarization state of the at least one single photon (A, B), the at least one output value (O) being determined based on the detected direction.

6 more elements

A system, executed by one or more hardware processors, for executing a one-time program comprising at least one instruction operating on at least one input value (a, b) and returning at least one output value (O), comprising:

a sender device, comprising:
a photon source configured to emit at least one single photon having a predetermined polarized state;
and
a preparation unit comprising at least one configurable phase retarder for preparing the predetermined polarization state of the at least one photon emitted by the photon source;
and
a program encoding unit,
wherein the photon source and the preparation unit are connected to the program encoding unit, which is configured to control the at least one phase retarder of the preparation unit depending on at least one instruction of a provided classical program using a predefined program-encoding scheme;
and
a receiver device for receiving the at least one photon representing the at least one instruction of a provided classical program according to a pre-defined program-encoding scheme;
an input encoder for encoding the at least one input value (a, b) onto a quantum gate according to a pre-defined input-encoding scheme;
a quantum device connected to the input encoder and configured to apply the quantum gate to the at least one photon;
a measurement unit making a measurement of a resulting state of the at least one photon exiting the quantum device;
and
a hardware post-processor connected to the measurement unit and configured to determine the at least one output value (O) from a result of the measurement,
wherein the at least one instruction is represented by the predetermined polarization state (ΦiA),ΦjB)) of the at least one single photon (A, B), the quantum gate operating on the predetermined polarization state (ΦiA),ΦjB)), the measurement comprising detection of direction of the predetermined polarization state of the at least one single photon (A, B), the at least one output value (O) being determined based on the detected direction.

12 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Facts

Application: 16/090,012Filed 30 Mar 2017
Priority: EP 1616288630 Mar 2016
Published: US 2019/0028271 A124 Jan 2019
Granted: 6 Jul 2021
Term ends: Not estimatedThe source records don’t support an estimate.

Classification7 codes

H04L 9/0852
Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for…:…
G06F 7/582
Random or pseudo-random number generators: pseudo-random number generators
H04L 9/0858
Quantum cryptography: details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding…
H04L 63/00
Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security