# US 11,029,350 B2 · Determination of harmonic pollution on an electrical distribution network > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,029,350 B2 - Document ID: US11029350B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/766,635 - Filed: 2016-10-04 - Published: 2018-11-01 - Granted: 2021-06-08 - Earliest claimed: 2015-10-06 - Assignees: Universite De Poitiers - Applicants: Université De Poitiers - Inventors: Laurent Rambault - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11029350B2 ## CPC - H02J 3/01: Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples - G01R 27/16: Measuring impedance of element or network through which a current is passing from another source, e.g. cable, power line - G01R 27/2688: {Measuring quality factor or dielectric loss, e.g. loss angle, or power factor (power factor related to power measurements G01R21/006; testing capacitors G01R31/016)} - H02J 3/00: Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks - H02J 13/00: Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network - Y02E 40/40: Arrangements for reducing harmonics - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract Some embodiments are directed to a method for detecting harmonic pollution in an electrical distribution network carrying a three-phase current, including a step of measuring the voltages and strengths of the current, for each of said phases, at a counting point of the network; a step of calculating a first quaternion impedance corresponding to the fundamental frequency of the current; a step of calculating at least one second quaternion impedance corresponding to a harmonic frequency of the current, these impedances being calculated by converting the voltages and strengths in a two-dimensional frame of reference defined according to an angle that is dependent on said frequency in order to provide a system of two vectors of three quantities, ud, uq, uo and id, iq, io, respectively. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for detecting a harmonic pollution within an electricity distribution network transmitting an electrical current, the method performed by a device, and the method comprising: receiving a measurement of at least one voltage and at least one magnitude of the current, for each of at least one phase, at a metering point of the network; calculating a first impedance corresponding to the basic frequency of the current; and calculating at least a second impedance corresponding to a harmonic frequency of the current, and the first impedance and the at least second impedance being calculated by transforming the voltages and magnitudes in a two-dimensional transform, defined according to an angle based on the frequency in order to provide a system of 2 vectors of 3 quantities, ud, uq, uo and id, iq, io, respectively, and then, by applying, to determine the first impedance and the at least second impedance, the expressions: Z r = u d × i d + u q × i q i d × i d + i q × i q , to determine a real part for the first impedance and the at least second impedance, respectively, and Z i = u q × i d + u d × i q i d × i d + i q × i q , to determine an imaginary part for the first impedance and the at least second impedance, respectively; determining a difference between the first impedance and the at least second impedance; and determining a harmonic pollution, within the electricity distribution network, based on the difference between the first impedance and the at least second impedance. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the current is three-phased; the measurement includes measuring voltages and magnitudes for the three phases; and the two-dimensional transform includes the first two dimensions of a Park transform. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method according to claim 2, wherein the harmonic frequency is the harmonic frequency of order 5. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The method according to claim 2, wherein the at least second impedance corresponds to the harmonic frequencies of the order among the orders 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the current is monophasic and the two-dimensional transform is defined by the equations: { u d = V × sin ⁡ ( θ ) u q = V × cos ⁡ ( θ ) { i d = I × sin ⁡ ( θ ) i q = I × cos ⁡ ( θ ) . ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method according to claim 5, wherein the harmonic frequency is the harmonic frequency of order 5. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The method according to claim 5, wherein the at least second impedance corresponds to the harmonic frequencies of the order among the orders 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the harmonic frequency is the harmonic frequency of order 5. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least second impedance corresponds to the harmonic frequencies of the order among the orders 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining a harmonic pollution, within the electricity distribution network, based on the difference between the first impedance and the at least second impedance includes: comparing the difference between the first impedance and the at least second impedance with a threshold in order to provide an indication of harmonic pollution. ### Claim 11 A meter configured for detection of a harmonic pollution within an electricity distribution network transmitting a three-phase current, the meter comprising: a voltage meter for measuring voltages and magnitudes of the current for each of the phases, of the three-phase current, at a metering point of the network; a first device configured to calculate a first impedance corresponding to the basic frequency of the current; a second device configured to calculate at least a second impedance corresponding to a harmonic frequency of the current, the first impedance and the at least second impedance being calculated by transforming the voltages and magnitudes in a two-dimensional transform, defined according to an angle based on the frequency in order to provide a system of 2 vectors of 3 quantities, ud, uq, uo and id, iq, io, respectively, and then, by applying, to determine the first impedance and the at least second impedance, the expressions: Z r = u d × i d + u q × i q i d × i d + i q × i q , to determine a real part for the first impedance and the at least second impedance, respectively, and Z i = u q × i d + u d × i q i d × i d + i q × i q , to determine an imaginary part for the first impedance and the at least second impedance, respectively; and wherein the meter is configured to determine a difference between the first impedance and the at least second impedance; and the meter is configured to detect harmonic pollution based on the difference between the first impedance and the at least second impedance. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The meter according to claim 11, wherein the current is three-phased, the measurement step includes measuring the voltages and magnitudes for the three phases, and the two-dimensional transform is comprised of the two first dimensions of a Park transform. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The meter according to claim 12, wherein the harmonic frequency is the harmonic frequency of order 5. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The meter according to claim 12, wherein the at least second impedance corresponds to the harmonic frequencies of an order among the orders 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The meter according to claim 11, wherein the current is monophasic and the two-dimensional transform is defined by the equations: { u d = V × sin ⁡ ( θ ) u q = V × cos ⁡ ( θ ) { i d = I × sin ⁡ ( θ ) i q = I × cos ⁡ ( θ ) . ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The meter according to claim 15, wherein the harmonic frequency is the harmonic frequency of order 5. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The meter according to claim 11, wherein the harmonic frequency is the harmonic frequency of order 5. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The meter according to claim 11, wherein the at least second impedance corresponds to the harmonic frequencies of an order among the orders 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) An electricity distribution network, comprising: a plurality of meter according to claim 11. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The electricity distribution network according to claim 19, further comprising a plurality of distribution branches between an input terminal and consumers; and a meter, of the plurality of meters, associated to each of the consumers, in order to determine the consumer(s) at the source of a harmonic pollution. ### Claim 21 (depends on 11) A system, comprising: the meter according to claim 11; and an anti-harmonic filter, wherein the harmonic pollution determined by the meter provides for dynamically configuring the filter.