# US 11,029,328 B2 · Smartphone motion classifier > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,029,328 B2 - Document ID: US11029328B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/865,665 - Filed: 2015-09-25 - Published: 2016-07-07 - Granted: 2021-06-08 - Earliest claimed: 2015-01-07 - Assignees: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Applicants: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Inventors: Vitor Carvalho; Bhuwan Dhingra; Edward Harrison Teague; Siddika Parlak Polatkan; Shankar Sadasivam; Carlos Manuel Puig - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11029328B2 ## CPC - G01P 15/18: in two or more dimensions - G06F 3/0346: with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a three-dimensional [3D] space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors - H04W 4/026: {using orientation information, e.g. compass} - H04W 4/027: {using movement velocity, acceleration information} - G01P: MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT (measuring or recording blood flow A61B5/02, A61B8/06; monitoring speed or deceleration of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L3/00; vehicle lighting systems adapted to indicate speed B60Q1/54; determining position or course in navigation, measuring ground distance in geodesy or surveying G01C; combined measuring devices for measuring two or more variables of movement G01C23/00; measuring velocity of sound G01H; measuring velocity of light G01J7/00; measuring direction or velocity of solid objects by reception or emission of radiowaves or other waves and based on propagation effects, e.g. Doppler effect, propagation time, direction of propagation, G01S; measuring speed of nuclear radiation G01T; measuring acceleration of gravity G01V; {measuring or recording the speed of trains B61L23/00; speed indicators incorporated in motor vehicles B60K35/00; measuring frequency or phase G01R; traffic control G08G}) - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract Disclosed is an apparatus and method for classifying a motion state of a mobile device comprising: determining a first motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a first confidence level greater than a first threshold; entering the first motion state; while the first motion state is active, determining a second motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a second confidence level greater than the first threshold, the second motion state being different from the first motion state; determining whether the second motion state is to be entered; and in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, entering the second motion state. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for classifying a motion state of a mobile device comprising: determining a first motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a first confidence level; entering the first motion state; while the first motion state is active, determining a second motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a second confidence level, the second motion state being different from the first motion state, wherein a confidence level of a motion state, associated with a highest probability value, is greater than a first threshold, and is determined based on a difference between the highest probability value and a probability value associated with a motion state with a second highest probability value; determining whether the second motion state is to be entered; and in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, entering the second motion state. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the second motion state is to be entered when 1) the second confidence level is greater than a second threshold, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold, or 2) while the first motion state is active, the second motion state is associated with a highest probability value and with confidence levels greater than the first threshold but less than the second threshold continuously for a predetermined time period. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, determining whether the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered; in response to determining that the first motion state is not to persist, exiting the first motion state when the second motion state is entered; and in response to determining that the first motion state is to persist, 1) determining a persistence time period by which the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered, and 2) delaying exiting the first motion state by the persistence time period after the second motion state is entered. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates a user carrying the mobile device is walking or running, and the second motion state is a stationary state. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates the mobile device is being carried in a moving motor vehicle or by a user who is biking, and the second motion state is a stationary state. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the persistence time period is determined based on a time period for which the first motion state has been active when the second motion state becomes associated with a highest probability value and with the second confidence level greater than the first threshold. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining a time instant when the second motion state becomes associated with a highest probability value and with the second confidence level greater than the first threshold; and reporting the time instant. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: entering an UNKNOWN motion state in response to determining a third motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a third confidence level less than the first threshold. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second motion states indicates one of: 1) the mobile device is stationary, 2) a user carrying the mobile device is walking, 3) the user carrying the mobile device is running, 4) the user carrying the mobile device is biking, or 5) the user carrying the mobile device is traveling in a moving motor vehicle. ### Claim 10 A mobile device comprising: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor to: determine a first motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a first confidence level, enter the first motion state, while the first motion state is active, determine a second motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a second confidence level, the second motion state being different from the first motion state, wherein a confidence level of a motion state, associated with a highest probability value, is greater than a first threshold, and is determined based on a difference between the highest probability value and a probability value associated with a motion state with a second highest probability value, determine whether the second motion state is to be entered, and in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, enter the second motion state. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the second motion state is to be entered when 1) the second confidence level is greater than a second threshold, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold, or 2) while the first motion state is active, the second motion state is associated with a highest probability value and with confidence levels greater than the first threshold but less than the second threshold continuously for a predetermined time period. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the processor is further to: in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, determine whether the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered, in response to determining that the first motion state is not to persist, exit the first motion state when the second motion state is entered; and in response to determining that the first motion state is to persist, 1) determine a persistence time period by which the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered, and 2) delay exiting the first motion state by the persistence time period after the second motion state is entered. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The mobile device of claim 12, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates a user carrying the mobile device is walking or running, and the second motion state is a stationary state. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The mobile device of claim 12, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates the mobile device is being carried in a moving motor vehicle or by a user who is biking, and the second motion state is a stationary state. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The mobile device of claim 12, wherein the persistence time period is determined based on a time period for which the first motion state has been active when the second motion state becomes associated with a highest probability value and with the second confidence level greater than the first threshold. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the processor is further to: determine a time instant when the second motion state becomes associated with a highest probability value and with the second confidence level greater than the first threshold; and report the time instant. ### Claim 17 (depends on 10) The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the processor is further to: enter an UNKNOWN motion state in response to determining a third motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a third confidence level less than the first threshold. ### Claim 18 (depends on 10) The mobile device of claim 10, wherein each of the first and second motion states indicates one of: 1) the mobile device is stationary, 2) a user carrying the mobile device is walking, 3) the user carrying the mobile device is running, 4) the user carrying the mobile device is biking, or 5) the user carrying the mobile device is traveling in a moving motor vehicle. ### Claim 19 A mobile device comprising: means for determining a first motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a first confidence level; means for entering the first motion state; means for while the first motion state is active, determining a second motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a second confidence level, the second motion state being different from the first motion state, wherein a confidence level of a motion state, associated with a highest probability value, is greater than a first threshold, and is determined based on a difference between the highest probability value and a probability value associated with a motion state with a second highest probability value; means for determining whether the second motion state is to be entered; and means for in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, entering the second motion state. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The mobile device of claim 19, wherein the second motion state is to be entered when 1) the second confidence level is greater than a second threshold, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold, or 2) while the first motion state is active, the second motion state is associated with a highest probability value and with confidence levels greater than the first threshold but less than the second threshold continuously for a predetermined time period. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The mobile device of claim 19, further comprising: means for in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, determining whether the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered; means for in response to determining that the first motion state is not to persist, exiting the first motion state when the second motion state is entered; and means for in response to determining that the first motion state is to persist, 1) determining a persistence time period by which the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered, and 2) delaying exiting the first motion state by the persistence time period after the second motion state is entered. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The mobile device of claim 21, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates a user carrying the mobile device is walking or running, and the second motion state is a stationary state. ### Claim 23 (depends on 21) The mobile device of claim 21, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates the mobile device is being carried in a moving motor vehicle or by a user who is biking, and the second motion state is a stationary state. ### Claim 24 A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising code which, when executed by a processor of a mobile device, causes the processor to perform a function comprising: determining a first motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a first confidence level; entering the first motion state; while the first motion state is active, determining a second motion state associated with a highest probability value and with a second confidence level, the second motion state being different from the first motion state, wherein a confidence level of a motion state, associated with a highest probability value, is greater than a first threshold, and is determined based on a difference between the highest probability value and a probability value associated with a motion state with a second highest probability value; determining whether the second motion state is to be entered; and in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, entering the second motion state. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 24, wherein the second motion state is to be entered when 1) the second confidence level is greater than a second threshold, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold, or 2) while the first motion state is active, the second motion state is associated with a highest probability value and with confidence levels greater than the first threshold but less than the second threshold continuously for a predetermined time period. ### Claim 26 (depends on 24) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 24, further comprising code for: in response to determining that the second motion state is to be entered, determining whether the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered; in response to determining that the first motion state is not to persist, exiting the first motion state when the second motion state is entered; and in response to determining that the first motion state is to persist, 1) determining a persistence time period by which the first motion state is to persist after the second motion state is entered, and 2) delaying exiting the first motion state by the persistence time period after the second motion state is entered. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 26, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates a user carrying the mobile device is walking or running, and the second motion state is a stationary state. ### Claim 28 (depends on 26) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 26, wherein the first motion state is to persist when the first motion state indicates the mobile device is being carried in a moving motor vehicle or by a user who is biking, and the second motion state is a stationary state.