# US 11,028,776 B2 · Dual function air diverter and variable area fan nozzle > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,028,776 B2 - Document ID: US11028776B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/207,838 - Filed: 2018-12-03 - Published: 2019-04-04 - Granted: 2021-06-08 - Earliest claimed: 2014-01-13 - Assignees: Raytheon Technologies Corporation - Applicants: Raytheon Technologies Corporation - Inventors: Richard Alan Weiner - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11028776B2 ## CPC - F02C 7/14: of fluids in the plant {, e.g. lubricant or fuel (F02C7/185 takes precedence)} - F01D 25/12: Cooling - F01D 25/18: Lubricating arrangements (of machines or engines in general F01M) - F02C 7/042: having variable geometry - F02K 3/06: with front fan - F05D 2220/32: in gas turbines - F05D 2250/411: in rotation - F05D 2260/213: by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit - F05D 2270/66: Mechanical actuators (F05D2270/62 takes precedence) - F02C: GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (construction of turbines F01D; jet-propulsion plants F02K; construction of compressors or fans F04; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R; using gas turbines in compression refrigeration plants F25B11/00) - F01D: NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES (machines or engines for liquids F03; non-positive displacement pumps F04D) - F02K: JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (features of jet-propulsion plants common to gas-turbine plants, air intakes or fuel supply control of air-breathing jet-propulsion plants F02C7/00, F02C9/00) - F05D: INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS ## Abstract A modulating fan air diverter and annular air-oil cooler for a gas turbine engine located in the inner fixed structure adjacent to the core cowl is provided. The fan air diverter modulates between an open position, corresponding to maximum fan nozzle area and airflow through the air-oil cooler, and a closed position, corresponding to minimum fan nozzle area and airflow through the air-oil cooler. As such, the device is capable of supporting dual functions of engine heat management as well as engine performance and fan stability. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A fan air diverter for a gas turbine engine having at least an inner cowl radially inward from an outer nacelle and an annular air-oil cooler, the fan air diverter comprising: a nozzle flap disposed about the inner cowl and coaxially adjacent to the annular air-oil cooler, the nozzle flap being pivotally coupled to the inner cowl at a point of securement that is axially spaced from the annular air-oil cooler, the nozzle flap being selectively movable relative to the annular air-oil cooler between an open position and a closed position, wherein the annular air-oil cooler includes a plurality of cooling fins that extend radially outward past the point of securement; and an actuation system assembly operatively coupled to the nozzle flap, the actuation system assembly being configured to actuate the nozzle flap between the open position and the closed position, wherein the actuation system assembly comprises: at least one sync ring operatively coupled to the nozzle flap, the at least one sync ring being rotatable between a first angular position and a second angular position about an axis of the gas turbine engine, wherein rotation of the at least one sync ring to the first angular position moves the nozzle flap to the open position, and rotation of the at least one sync ring to the second angular position moves the nozzle flap to the closed position, wherein the nozzle flap provides at least one of a converging fan airflow through a fan nozzle and the cooling fins, a converging-diverging fan airflow through the fan nozzle and the cooling fins, and a fan airflow that converges toward an outlet-side of the cooling fins. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The fan air diverter of claim 1, wherein the nozzle flap includes two or more arcuate segments circumferentially disposed about a surface of the inner cowl, and about an inner fixed structure at a fore of a core cowl. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The fan air diverter of claim 1, wherein the nozzle flap is axially positioned forward of the annular air-oil cooler, the nozzle flap having a leading edge that is pivotally hinged to a surface the inner cowl and a trailing edge that is movable between the open position and the closed position relative to an inlet of the annular air-oil cooler. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The fan air diverter of claim 1, wherein the nozzle flap, in the open position, enables fan airflow toward a corresponding portion of the annular air-oil cooler and provides an increased fan nozzle area, and in the closed position, diverts fan airflow away from a corresponding portion of the annular air-oil cooler and provides a decreased fan nozzle area. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The fan air diverter of claim 1, wherein the nozzle flap is axially positioned aft of the annular air-oil cooler, the nozzle flap having a leading edge that is movable between the open position and the closed position relative to an outlet of the annular air-oil cooler and a trailing edge that is pivotally hinged to a surface of the inner cowl. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The fan air diverter of claim 1, wherein the actuation system assembly further comprises: a plurality of idler links radially coupling the at least one sync ring to the nozzle flap, and wherein the at least one sync ring is circumferentially disposed between a low pressure compressor case and the nozzle flap. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The fan air diverter of claim 6, wherein the actuation system assembly further comprises a plurality of roller guides disposed between the at least one sync ring and an outer surface of the low pressure compressor case so as to enable rotation of the at least one sync ring about a central axis of the gas turbine engine. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The fan air diverter of claim 6, wherein the actuation system assembly further comprises a guide ring circumferentially disposed between the at least one sync ring and an outer surface of the low pressure compressor case, the guide ring being rigidly coupled to an assembly mounted to the gas turbine engine, the at least one sync ring being slidably rotatable about the guide ring via a plurality of bumpers disposed therebetween. ### Claim 9 An oil cooling assembly for a gas turbine engine having at least an inner cowl, comprising: an annular air-oil cooler disposed about the inner cowl, the annular air-oil cooler including an integral annular oil tank and a plurality of cooling fins radially extending therefrom, the cooling fins being disposed in at least partial communication with a fan duct and a fan nozzle; and a fan air diverter disposed about the inner cowl and coaxially adjacent to the cooling fins, the fan air diverter being selectively movable relative to the cooling fins to provide at least one of a converging fan airflow through the fan nozzle and the cooling fins, a converging-diverging fan airflow through the fan nozzle and the cooling fins, and a fan airflow that converges toward an outlet-side of the cooling fins, wherein the plurality of cooling fins extend radially outward past a point of pivotal securement of the fan air diverter to the inner cowl, wherein the point of pivotal securement of the fan air diverter to the inner cowl is axially spaced from the annular air-oil cooler. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The oil cooling assembly of claim 9, wherein the fan air diverter is selectively movable between an open position and a closed position, the fan air diverter in the open position enabling fan airflow toward a corresponding portion of the annular air-oil cooler and providing an increased fan nozzle area, the fan air diverter in the closed position diverting fan airflow away from a corresponding portion of the annular air-oil cooler and providing a decreased fan nozzle area. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The oil cooling assembly of claim 9, wherein the fan air diverter comprises a nozzle flap pivotally coupled to the inner cowl at the point of pivotal securement, the nozzle flap being selectively movable relative to the cooling fins between an open position and a closed position. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The oil cooling assembly of claim 11, wherein the nozzle flap is axially positioned forward of the cooling fins, the nozzle flap having a leading edge that is pivotally hinged to a surface the inner cowl at the point of pivotal securement and a trailing edge that is movable between the open position and the closed position relative to an inlet of the annular air-oil cooler. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The oil cooling assembly of claim 11, wherein the nozzle flap is axially positioned aft of the cooling fins, the nozzle flap having a leading edge that is movable between the open position and the closed position relative to an outlet of the annular air-oil cooler and a trailing edge that is pivotally hinged to a stationary surface of the inner cowl at the point of pivotal securement. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The oil cooling assembly of claim 9, wherein the fan air diverter comprises a fore nozzle flap pivotally disposed adjacent to the plurality of cooling fins at an inlet of the annular air-oil cooler and an aft nozzle flap pivotally disposed adjacent to the plurality of cooling fins at an outlet of the annular oil cooler, each of the fore nozzle flap and the aft nozzle flap being independently actuatable so as to modulate fan airflow and fan nozzle area. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The oil cooling assembly of claim 9, wherein the fan air diverter comprises a nozzle flap and an actuation system assembly operatively coupled to the nozzle flap, the actuation system assembly being configured to selectively move the nozzle flap between an open position and a closed position relative to the plurality of cooling fins. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The oil cooling assembly of claim 15, wherein the actuation system assembly comprises: at least one sync ring circumferentially disposed between an outer surface of an associated low pressure compressor case and the nozzle flap, the at least one sync ring being rotatable between a first angular position and a second angular position about a central axis of the gas turbine engine; and a plurality of idler links radially coupling the at least one sync ring to the nozzle flap, the idler links being pivotally configured such that rotation of the at least one sync ring to the first angular position moves the nozzle flap to the open position, and rotation of the at least one sync ring to the second angular position moves the nozzle flap to the closed position. ### Claim 17 A gas turbine engine, comprising: an outer nacelle; an inner cowl defining a fan duct and nozzle along with the outer nacelle for receiving fan airflow; an annular air-oil cooler disposed circumferentially about the inner cowl and in communication with a fan nozzle; at least one nozzle flap disposed about the inner cowl and coaxially adjacent to the annular air-oil cooler, the at least one nozzle flap being pivotally coupled to the inner cowl at a point of securement that is axially spaced from the annular air-oil cooler and selectively movable relative to the annular air-oil cooler between an open position and a closed position, wherein the annular air-oil cooler includes a plurality of cooling fins that extend radially outward past the point of securement; and an actuation system assembly operatively coupled to the at least one nozzle flap, the actuation system assembly being configured to actuate the at least one nozzle flap between the open position and the closed position so as to modulate fan airflow and to provide at least one of a converging fan airflow through the fan nozzle and the plurality of cooling fins, a converging-diverging fan airflow through the fan nozzle and the plurality of cooling fins, and a fan airflow that converges toward an outlet-side of the plurality of cooling fins. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The gas turbine engine of claim 17, wherein the at least one nozzle flap includes a fore nozzle flap pivotally disposed adjacent to an inlet of the annular air-oil cooler and an aft nozzle flap pivotally disposed adjacent to an outlet of the annular air-oil cooler, the fore nozzle flap having a leading edge that is pivotally hinged to a surface of the inner cowl and a trailing edge that is movable between the open position and the closed position relative to the inlet of the annular air-oil cooler, the aft nozzle flap having a leading edge that is movable between the open position and the closed position relative to the outlet of the annular air-oil cooler and a trailing edge that is pivotally hinged to a stationary surface of the inner cowl. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The gas turbine engine of claim 17, wherein the actuation system assembly comprises: at least one sync ring circumferentially disposed between an outer surface of a low pressure compressor case and the at least one nozzle flap, the at least one sync ring being rotatable between a first angular position and a second angular position about a central axis of the gas turbine engine; and a plurality of idler links radially coupling the at least one sync ring to the at least one nozzle flap, the idler links being pivotally configured such that rotation of the at least one sync ring to the first angular position moves the at least one nozzle flap to the open position, and rotation of the at least one sync ring to the second angular position moves the at least one nozzle flap to the closed position and wherein the actuation system assembly is installed in an inner fixed structure of the inner cowl in a manner configured to minimize any interference with one or more core cowl doors of the gas turbine engine. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The gas turbine engine of claim 19, wherein the actuation system assembly comprises a guide ring circumferentially disposed between the at least one sync ring and the outer surface of the low pressure compressor case, the guide ring being rigidly coupled to an assembly mounted to the gas turbine engine, the at least one sync ring being rotatable about the guide ring sliding on one or more bumpers.