# US 11,028,012 B2 · Low solar heat gain coatings, laminated glass assemblies, and methods of producing same

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- Number: US 11,028,012 B2
- Document ID: US11028012B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/176,769
- Filed: 2018-10-31
- Published: 2020-04-30
- Granted: 2021-06-08
- Earliest claimed: 2018-10-31
- Assignees: Cardinal CG Company
- Applicants: Cardinal CG Company
- Inventors: Kari B. Myli; Gary L. Pfaff
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11028012B2

## CPC

- C03C 17/36: at least one coating being a metal
- C03C 17/366: {Low-emissivity or solar control coatings}
- B32B 17/10036: {comprising two outer glass sheets}
- C03C 17/3607: {Coatings of the type glass/inorganic compound/metal}
- C03C 17/3613: {Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/metal/inorganic compound/metal/other}
- C03C 17/3626: {one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride}
- C03C 17/3639: {Multilayers containing at least two functional metal layers}
- C03C 17/3649: {made of metals other than silver}
- C03C 17/3681: {the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens}
- C23C 14/0036: {Reactive sputtering}
- C23C 14/0641: {Nitrides (C23C14/0617 takes precedence)}
- C23C 14/086: {of zinc, germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, thallium or bismuth}
- C23C 14/185: {by cathodic sputtering}
- C23C 14/562: {for coating elongated substrates}
- C23C 14/5806: {Thermal treatment}
- B32B 2307/414: Translucent
- C03C 2217/231: In2O3/SnO2
- C03C 2217/261: Iron-group metals, i.e. Fe, Co or Ni
- C03C 2217/948: Layers comprising indium tin oxide [ITO]
- C03C 2218/156: by magnetron sputtering
- C03C: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04)

## Abstract

The invention provides transparent conductive coatings based on indium tin oxide. In some embodiments, the coating includes two indium tin oxide films and two nickel alloy films. Also provided are laminated glass assemblies that include such coatings.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A coated glass pane having a surface that bears a low solar heat gain coating, the low solar heat gain coating comprising, in sequence moving outwardly from the surface, a first indium tin oxide film, a first nickel compound film, a second indium tin oxide film, a second nickel compound film, and an overcoat layer, the first indium tin oxide film having a thickness of between 480 Å and 725 Å, the first nickel compound film having a thickness of between 80 Å and 120 Å, the second indium tin oxide film having a thickness of between 580 Å and 870 Å, and the second nickel compound film having a thickness of between 65 Å and 100 Å, wherein the first nickel compound film is in contact with both the first and second indium tin oxide films.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the coated glass pane has a visible transmission of less than 50%.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the coated glass pane has an exterior visible reflectance of less than 0.10.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The coated glass pane of claim 3 wherein the coated glass pane has an interior visible reflectance of less than 0.10.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the coated glass pane has an exterior reflected color characterized by a chroma magnitude number of less than 5.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the second indium tin oxide film is in contact with the second nickel compound film.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The coated glass pane of claim 6 wherein the overcoat layer is in contact with the second nickel compound film, and the overcoat layer is an outermost film of the low solar heat gain coating.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the first indium tin oxide film is between 540 Å and 660 Å, the thickness of the first nickel compound film is between 90 Å and 110 Å, the thickness of the second indium tin oxide film is between 650 Å and 800 Å, and the thickness of the second nickel compound film is between 70 Å and 95 Å.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the first and second nickel compound films both comprise nickel aluminum.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the coated glass pane has an exterior reflected color characterized by an “ah” color coordinate of between −6 and 2 and a “bh” color coordinate of between −4.5 and 3.5.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the coated glass pane has a solar transmission of from 26% to 32% and a solar heat gain coefficient of about 0.37-0.43.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the second indium tin oxide film is at least 100 Å thicker than the first indium tin oxide film.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The coated glass pane of claim 1 wherein the coated glass pane has a UV transmission of less than 18% and an exterior solar reflectance of less than 0.17.

### Claim 14

A laminated glass panel including two glass panes and an interlayer, the interlayer sandwiched between the two glass panes and bonded thereto, at least one of the two glass panes having an interior surface that bears a coating, the coating comprising, in sequence moving away from said interior surface and toward the interlayer, a first indium tin oxide film, a first nickel aluminum film, a second indium tin oxide film, a second nickel aluminum film, and an overcoat layer, the first indium tin oxide film having a thickness of between 480 Å and 725 Å, the first nickel aluminum film having a thickness of between 80 Å and 120 Å, the second indium tin oxide film having a thickness of between 580 Å and 870 Å, and the second nickel aluminum film having a thickness of between 65 Å and 100 Å, wherein the first nickel aluminum film is in contact with both the first and second indium tin oxide films.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the first indium tin oxide film is in contact with the first nickel aluminum film, and the second indium tin oxide film is in contact with the second nickel aluminum film.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the laminated glass panel has a visible transmission of less than 35%.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the laminated glass panel has an exterior visible reflectance of less than 8%.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The laminated glass panel of claim 17 wherein the laminated glass panel has an interior visible reflectance of less than 8%.

### Claim 19 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the laminated glass panel has an exterior reflected color characterized by a chroma magnitude number of less than 3.

### Claim 20 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the laminated glass panel has an exterior reflected color characterized by an “ah” color coordinate of between −3.5 and 2.5 and a “bh” color coordinate of between −2 and 4.

### Claim 21 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the overcoat layer is an outermost film of the coating such that the overcoat layer is in contact with the interlayer.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

The laminated glass panel of claim 21 wherein the overcoat layer has a thickness of between 530 Δ and 800 Δ.

### Claim 23 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the coating is devoid of a silver layer.

### Claim 24 (depends on 14)

The laminated glass panel of claim 14 wherein the thickness of the first indium tin oxide film is between 540 Δ and 660 Δ, the thickness of the first nickel-aluminum film is between 90 Δ and 110 Δ, the thickness of the second indium tin oxide film is between 650 Δ and 800 Δ, and the thickness of the second nickel-aluminum film is between 70 Δ and 95 Δ.

### Claim 25

A laminated glass panel including first and second glass panes and an interlayer, at least one of the two glass panes having an interior surface that bears an ITO-based coating, wherein the ITO-based coating comprises, in sequence moving away from said interior surface and toward the interlayer, a first indium tin oxide film, a first nickel compound film, a second indium tin oxide film, a second nickel compound film, and an overcoat layer, the first indium tin oxide film having a thickness of between 480 Å and 725 Å, the first nickel compound film having a thickness of between 80 Å and 120 Å, the second indium tin oxide film having a thickness of between 580 Å and 870 Å, and the second nickel compound film having a thickness of between 65 Å and 100 Å, wherein the first nickel compound film is in contact with both the first and second indium tin oxide films, the interlayer being sandwiched between the first and second glass panes, the laminated glass panel having an exterior reflected color characterized by a chroma magnitude number of less than 1.

### Claim 26

A laminated glass panel including first and second glass panes and an interlayer, the interlayer being sandwiched between the first and second glass panes, the first glass pane having an interior surface facing the interlayer, the second glass pane having an interior surface facing the interlayer, the interior surface of the first glass pane bearing an ITO-based coating, wherein the ITO-based coating comprises, in sequence moving away from the interior surface of the first glass pane and toward the interlayer, a first indium tin oxide film, a first nickel-aluminum film, a second indium tin oxide film, a second nickel-aluminum film, and an overcoat layer, wherein the first indium tin oxide film has a thickness of between 480 Å and 725 Å, the first nickel-aluminum film has a thickness of between 80 Å and 120 Å, the second indium tin oxide film has a thickness of between 580 Å and 870 Å, and the second nickel-aluminum film has a thickness of between 65 Å and 100 Å, wherein the first nickel-aluminum film is in contact with both the first and second indium tin oxide films, the interior surface of the second glass pane bearing a low-emissivity coating, the low-emissivity coating comprising three silver layers.

### Claim 27 (depends on 26)

The laminated glass panel of claim 26 wherein the laminated glass panel has a visible transmission of less than 25%.

### Claim 28 (depends on 26)

The laminated glass panel of claim 26 wherein the laminated glass panel has a solar transmission of less than 25% and a solar heat gain coefficient of less than 0.35.

### Claim 29 (depends on 26)

The laminated glass panel of claim 26 wherein the laminated glass panel has an exterior visible reflectance of less than 0.08.

### Claim 30 (depends on 26)

The laminated glass panel of claim 26 wherein the laminated glass panel has an exterior reflected color characterized by a chroma magnitude number of less than 3.

### Claim 31 (depends on 26)

The laminated glass panel of claim 26 wherein the laminated glass panel has an exterior reflected color characterized by an “ah” color coordinate of between −3.5 and 2.5 and a “bh” color coordinate of between −2 and 4.

### Claim 32 (depends on 26)

The laminated glass panel of claim 26 wherein the thickness of the first indium tin oxide film is between 540 Å and 660 Å, the thickness of the first nickel-aluminum film is between 90 Å and 110 Å, the thickness of the second indium tin oxide film is between 650 Å and 800 Å, and the thickness of the second nickel-aluminum film is between 70 Å and 95 Å.