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US 11,001,553 B1Granted
Process for the synthesis of 2-nitratoethyl acrylate (2NEA)
AssigneeThe United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
InventorDavid N. Vaccarello
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Abstract
An elegant process for the synthesis of 2-nitratoethyl acrylate is a single reactive step. A 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate having only one hydroxyl group is nitrated in a 1:1 volumetric mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid therein forming 2-nitratoethyl acrylate. The 2-nitratoethyl acrylate is minimally soluble in a quenched cold acid water mixture, which enables relatively easy isolation of about 96% purity 2-nitratoethyl acrylate at a yield of about 85%.
Claims3
A process for the synthesis of 2-nitratoethyl acrylate, comprising:
- adding, in fractional molar increments, a reagent amount of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate to a stirred cooled mixture being comprised of a molar excess of concentrated nitric acid combined with a comparable volume of concentrated sulfuric acid,
- wherein the fractional molar increments are small enough that the temperature of the stirred cooled mixture is below a temperature of 5° C.;
- completing the adding of the reagent amount of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate;
- quenching the stirred cooled mixture;
- stopping stirring, where upon a cooled mixture phase separates into an upper layer, which is principally comprised of 2-nitratoethyl acrylate, and a lower layer, which is principally comprised of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid;
- and
- separating the upper layer from the lower layer, wherein the upper layer has a molar yield that is greater than 85% of the starting molar amount of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.