MIMO radar system with dual mode output power amplification

A method of driving a transmit array, the method comprising:

• generating a positive transmit signal and a negative transmit signal that together form a differential transmit signal;
• setting a transmit antenna coupling interface into a first configuration that uses the differential transmit signal to drive a first transmit antenna and to drive a second transmit antenna;
• and
• switching the transmit antenna coupling interface into a second configuration that combines power from the positive transmit signal and negative transmit signal to drive the first transmit antenna while isolating the second transmit antenna,
• wherein the transmit antenna coupling interface comprises:
• an output transformer having a primary coupled between the positive transmit signal and the negative transmit signal, and having a secondary selectively coupled between the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna;
• and
• a switch arrangement that in the first configuration connects a terminal of the secondary to the second transmit antenna, and that in the second configuration connects the terminal to ground.

An automotive radar system that comprises:

• multiple transmit antennas;
• an integrated circuit including a transmit chain generating a positive transmit signal and a negative transmit signal that together form a differential transmit signal;
• and
• a coupling interface that configurably couples the differential transmit signal to two transmit antennas of the multiple transmit antennas to selectively drive the two transmit antennas in either a differential mode or in a power-combining mode that combines power from the positive transmit signal and negative transmit signal to drive a first transmit antenna of the multiple transmit antennas while isolating a second transmit antenna of the two transmit antennas, wherein the coupling interface comprises:
• a 90-degree hybrid coupler having a first output port coupled to the first transmit antenna and a second output port coupled to the second transmit antenna, and having a first input port coupled to receive the positive transmit signal;
• and
• a configurable phase shifter that couples the negative transmit signal to a second input port of the 90-degree hybrid coupler, wherein the configurable phase shifter is alternately set to zero degrees corresponding to the differential mode or set to 90 degrees corresponding to the power-combining mode.

An automotive radar system that comprises:

• multiple transmit antennas;
• an integrated circuit including a transmit chain generating a positive transmit signal and a negative transmit signal that together form a differential transmit signal;
• and
• a coupling interface that configurably couples the differential transmit signal to two transmit antennas of the multiple transmit antennas to selectively drive the two transmit antennas in either a differential mode or in a power-combining mode that combines power from the positive transmit signal and negative transmit signal to drive a first transmit antenna of the multiple transmit antennas while isolating a second transmit antenna of the two transmit antennas, wherein the coupling interface comprises:
• an output transformer having a primary coupled between the positive transmit signal and the negative transmit signal, and having a secondary selectively coupled between the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna;
• and
• a switch arrangement that in a first configuration corresponding to the differential mode connects a terminal of the secondary to the second transmit antenna, and that in a second configuration corresponding to the power-combining mode connects the terminal to ground.

A method of manufacturing an integrated radar front end circuit, the method comprising:

• providing one or more transmitters, each of the one or more transmitters operable to generate a positive transmit signal and a negative transmit signal that together form a differential transmit signal;
• and
• coupling the one or more transmitters to an interface, wherein the interface comprises a first output terminal and a second output terminal;
• and
• coupling the interface to a first transmit antenna at the first output terminal and to a second transmit antenna at the second output terminal,
• wherein the interface is capable of transmitting the positive transmit signal and the negative transmit signal to the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna and of selectively driving the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna in either a differential mode or in a power-combining mode in which the interface isolates the second transmit antenna and combines power from the positive transmit signal and negative transmit signal to drive the first transmit antenna, wherein the interface further comprises:
• a 90-degree hybrid coupler having a first output port coupled to a first output terminal for the first transmit antenna, a second output port coupled to a second output terminal for the second transmit antenna, and a first input port coupled to receive the positive transmit signal and, a second input port coupled to receive the negative transmit signal;
• and
• a configurable phase shifter that couples the negative transmit signal to the second input port of the 90-degree hybrid coupler,
• wherein the configurable phase shifter is alternately set to zero degrees corresponding to the differential mode or set to 90 degrees corresponding to the power-combining mode.

A method of manufacturing an integrated radar front end circuit, the method comprising:

• providing one or more transmitters, each of the one or more transmitters operable to generate a positive transmit signal and a negative transmit signal that together form a differential transmit signal;
• and
• coupling the one or more transmitters to an interface, wherein the interface comprises a first output terminal and a second output terminal;
• and
• coupling the interface to a first transmit antenna at the first output terminal and to a second transmit antenna at the second output terminal,
• wherein the interface is capable of transmitting the positive transmit signal and the negative transmit signal to the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna and of selectively driving the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna in either a differential mode or in a power-combining mode in which the interface isolates the second transmit antenna and combines power from the positive transmit signal and negative transmit signal to drive the first transmit antenna, wherein the interface comprises:
• an output transformer having a primary coupled between the positive transmit signal and the negative transmit signal, and having a secondary selectively coupled between the first transmit antenna and the second transmit antenna;
• and
• a switch arrangement that in a first configuration corresponding to the differential mode connects a terminal of the secondary to the second transmit antenna, and that in a second configuration corresponding to the power-combining mode connects the terminal to ground.