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US 10,950,859 B2Granted
Lead-based alloy and related processes and products
AssigneeRSR Technologies, Inc.
InventorsR. David Prengaman, Timothy W. Ellis, Matthew T. Raiford
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A lead-based alloy containing alloying additions of bismuth, antimony, arsenic, and tin is used for the production of doped leady oxides, lead-acid battery active materials, lead-acid battery electrodes, and lead-acid batteries.
Claims20
A process for the production of doped leady oxide, the process comprising:
- charging lead-based alloy ingots into a ball mill, wherein the lead-based alloy ingots comprise, in percent by total alloy weight:
- 0.0090% to 0.0600% bismuth;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% antimony;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% arsenic;
- 0.0035% to 0.0060% tin;
- up to 0.0100% silver;
- up to 0.0010% thallium;
- and
- balance lead and incidental impurities;
- milling the lead-based alloy ingots in air;
- oxidizing the lead-based alloy during the milling to form doped leady oxide;
- and
- forming powder particles of the doped leady oxide during the milling.
10 more elements
A process for the production of doped leady oxide, the process comprising:
- melting a lead-based alloy comprising, in percent by total alloy weight:
- 0.0090% to 0.0600% bismuth;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% antimony;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% arsenic;
- 0.0035% to 0.0060% tin;
- up to 0.0100% silver;
- up to 0.0010% thallium;
- and
- balance lead and incidental impurities;
- atomizing the molten lead-based alloy to form molten lead-based alloy droplets;
- oxidizing the atomized molten lead-based alloy droplets;
- and
- solidifying the oxidized lead-based alloy droplets to form a doped leady oxide powder.
10 more elements
A process for the production of a lead-acid battery electrode, the process comprising:
- mixing water and a doped leady oxide powder to produce an intermediate paste, wherein the doped leady oxide powder comprises an oxidation product of a lead-based alloy comprising, in percent by total alloy weight:
- 0.0090% to 0.0600% bismuth;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% antimony;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% arsenic;
- 0.0035% to 0.0060% tin;
- up to 0.0100% silver;
- up to 0.0010% thallium;
- and
- balance lead and incidental impurities;
- mixing aqueous sulfuric acid with the intermediate paste to produce an active material precursor paste;
- applying the active material precursor paste to a lead-based alloy grid to produce a plate;
- and
- exposing the plate to controlled temperature and relative humidity conditions for a period of time to cure the paste on the lead-based alloy grid and produce a cured plate.
10 more elements
A process for the production of a lead-acid battery, the process comprising:
- electrically interconnecting a plurality of electrodes to produce a cell, wherein the electrodes comprise an active material formed from a doped leady oxide powder, wherein the doped leady oxide powder comprises an oxidation product of a lead-based alloy comprising, in percent by total alloy weight:
- 0.0090% to 0.0600% bismuth;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% antimony;
- 0.0075% to 0.0125% arsenic;
- 0.0035% to 0.0060% tin;
- up to 0.0100% silver;
- up to 0.0010% thallium;
- and
- balance lead and incidental impurities;
- assembling at least one cell inside a casing;
- adding an aqueous sulfuric acid electrolyte into the casing and in contact with the plurality of electrodes;
- and
- sealing the casing.
10 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.