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US 10,948,796 B2Granted
Electrochromic materials, devices and applications of the same
OwnerAnoop Agrawal, John P Cronin +2inventors
InventorsAnoop Agrawal, John P Cronin, Lori L Adams, Juan Carlos L Tonazzi
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Abstract
This invention discloses how EC devices can be fabricated as tags or labels; and further the materials used, device structures and how these can be processed by printing technologies. In addition, systems using displays of such EC devices and their integration with other components are described for forming labels and tags, etc, that may be actuated wirelessly or powered with low voltage and low capacity batteries.
Claims34
An irreversible electrochromic device, comprising:
- a flexible substrate;
- a redox material, wherein the redox material comprises an electropolymerizable monomer;
- an electrolyte;
- an electrically conductive electrode on the flexible substrate, the redox material or the electrolyte in electrical contact with the electrode;
- and
- wherein an electrical activation using the electrode results in an electrically irreversible optical change to the redox material and wherein at least one of (1) the redox material, (2) the electrolyte material or (3) the conductive electrode material is printed.
3 more elements
An irreversible electrochromic device, comprising:
- a flexible substrate;
- a redox material, wherein the redox material comprises an electropolymerizable monomer;
- an electrolyte;
- a first electrically conductive electrode on the flexible substrate, the redox material or the electrolyte in electrical contact with the electrode;
- a second electrically conductive electrode on the flexible substrate;
- and
- wherein an electrical activation using the electrodes results in an electrically irreversible optical change to the redox material;
- and
- wherein the electrically conductive electrodes further comprise an interdigitated electrically conductive electrode pattern of opposing electrodes that include the first electrically conductive electrode and the second conductive electrode on the flexible substrate.
6 more elements
An irreversible electrochromic device, comprising:
- a flexible substrate;
- a redox material, wherein the redox material comprises an electropolymerizable monomer;
- an electrolyte;
- an electrically conductive electrode on the flexible substrate, the redox material or the electrolyte in electrical contact with the electrode;
- an encapsulation coating that is positioned such that the redox material and the electrolyte are between the substrate and the encapsulation coating;
- and
- wherein an electrical activation using the electrode results in an electrically irreversible optical change to the redox material and wherein the encapsulation coating is biodegradable.
4 more elements
An electrochromic device, comprising:
- an electrically conductive electrode pattern on a flexible substrate;
- an electrolyte material and a redox material, the electrolyte material or the redox material in electrical contact with the electrode pattern, wherein the redox material comprises an electropolymerizable monomer;
- an encapsulation coating to protect the electrochromic device;
- and
- wherein an electrical activation using the electrode pattern results in an electrically irreversible optical change to the redox material and wherein at least one of (1) the redox material, (2) the electrolyte material or (3) the conductive electrode material is printed.
2 more elements
An electrochromic display comprising:
- an irreversible electrochromic device further comprising:
- a redox material and an electrolyte material, wherein the redox material comprises an electropolymerizable monomer;
- a pair of conductive electrodes wherein at least one of the electrodes is in contact with the redox material;
- and
- wherein the redox material undergoes an electrically irreversible change in its optical state when electrical power is applied to the conductive electrodes and wherein at least one of (1) the redox material, (2) the electrolyte material or (3) the conductive electrode material is printed.
2 more elements
An electrochromic display comprising:
- an irreversible electrochromic device further comprising:
- a redox material and an electrolyte material;
- a pair of conductive electrodes wherein at least one of the electrodes is in contact with the redox material;
- wherein the redox material undergoes an electrically irreversible change in its optical state when electrical power is applied to the conductive electrodes and wherein at least one of (1) the redox material, (2) the electrolyte material or (3) the conductive electrode material is printed;
- and
- wherein one of the conductive electrodes is patterned such that when activated to change optical states the display irreversibly presents information.
3 more elements
An electrochromic display comprising:
- an irreversible electrochromic device further comprising:
- a redox material and an electrolyte material;
- a pair of conductive electrodes wherein at least one of the electrodes is in contact with the redox material;
- wherein the redox material undergoes an electrically irreversible change in its optical state when electrical power is applied to the conductive electrodes and wherein at least one of (1) the redox material, (2) the electrolyte material or (3) the conductive electrode material is printed;
- and
- wherein at least one conductive electrode has a pattern of an electrically insulating layer partially covering the one conductive electrode, so that the covered portions of the one conductive electrode does not contact the redox material or the electrolyte material.
3 more elements
An electrochromic display comprising:
- an irreversible electrochromic device further comprising:
- a redox material and an electrolyte material;
- a pair of conductive electrodes wherein at least one of the electrodes is in contact with the redox material;
- wherein the redox material undergoes an electrically irreversible change in its optical state when electrical power is applied to the conductive electrodes and wherein at least one of (1) the redox material, (2) the electrolyte material or (3) the conductive electrode material is printed;
- and
- wherein the redox material is a printed redox material.
3 more elements
An electrochromic display comprising:
- an irreversible electrochromic device further comprising:
- a redox material and an electrolyte material;
- a pair of conductive electrodes wherein at least one of the electrodes is in contact with the redox material;
- wherein the redox material undergoes an electrically irreversible change in its optical state when electrical power is applied to the conductive electrodes and wherein at least one of (1) the redox material, (2) the electrolyte material or (3) the conductive electrode material is printed;
- and
- wherein the electrolyte material is a printed electrolyte material.
3 more elements
An irreversible electrochromic device, comprising:
- a flexible substrate;
- a first redox material, wherein the first redox material comprises an electropolymerizable monomer;
- an electrolyte comprising the first redox material;
- a second redox material
- an electrically conductive electrode on the flexible substrate, the second redox material in electrical contact with the electrode and the electrolyte;
- and
- wherein an electrical activation using the electrode results in an electrically irreversible optical change to the first redox material.
4 more elements
An irreversible electrochromic device, comprising:
- a flexible substrate;
- a first redox material, wherein the first redox material comprises an electropolymerizable monomer;
- a second redox material;
- an electrolyte comprising the first redox material and the second redox material;
- an electrically conductive electrode on the flexible substrate, the electrolyte in electrical contact with the electrode;
- and
- wherein an electrical activation using the electrode results in an electrically irreversible optical change to the first redox material.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.