Gold-coloured effect pigments having high chroma and high brilliancy, method for the production and use thereof

A gold-colored effect pigment comprising a nonmetallic substrate in platelet form and a coating applied to the substrate, wherein the coating comprises

• a) optionally a layer 1 comprising or consisting of at least one of tin oxide, tin hydroxide or tin oxide hydrate,
• b) a layer 2 comprising at least one of metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal oxide hydrate, where the metal ion comprises or is at least one metal ion selected from the group of metals consisting of Fe, Sn, Ti and Zr, and
• c) a layer 3 comprising at least one of metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal oxide hydrate, where the metal ion comprises or is at least one metal ion selected from the group of metals consisting of Fe, Sn, Ti and Zr, at least one of layers 2 and 3 comprises at least two different metal ions and at least one of the two different metal ions is an iron ion, and layers 2 and 3 are interrupted by a spacer layer, wherein the spacer layer includes connections and cavities and wherein the spacer layer has a network density of <85%, wherein the network density is defined as the number of connections or spacers per number of lines in %, determined from a grid of parallel lines drawn at 50 nm intervals at a 90° angle from a baseline drawn onto each scanning electron micrograph of a transverse section along the surface of a longer side of the nonmetallic substrate.