# US 10,945,812 B1 · Systems and methods for planning an orthodontic treatment > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,945,812 B1 - Document ID: US10945812B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 16/938,141 - Filed: 2020-07-24 - Granted: 2021-03-16 - Earliest claimed: 2020-07-24 - Assignees: Oxilio Ltd - Applicants: Oxilio Ltd - Inventors: Islam Khasanovich Raslambekov - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10945812B1 ## CPC - A61C 7/002: {Orthodontic computer assisted systems} - G06T 5/70: Denoising; Smoothing - G06T 7/0012: {Biomedical image inspection} - G06T 7/11: Region-based segmentation - G06T 7/12: Edge-based segmentation - G06T 7/13: Edge detection - G06T 7/136: involving thresholding - G06T 17/20: Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, {tesselation} - G06T 17/205: {Re-meshing} - G06T 19/20: Editing of three-dimensional [3D] images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts - G06T 2207/10028: Range image; Depth image; 3D point clouds - G06T 2207/30036: Dental; Teeth - G06T 2210/41: Medical - G06T 2219/2004: Aligning objects, relative positioning of parts - A61C: DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE (non-driven toothbrushes A46B; {tongue scrapers A61B17/24;} preparations for dentistry A61K6/00; preparations for cleaning the teeth or mouth A61K8/00, A61Q11/00) - G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL ## Abstract Methods and systems for determining an orthodontic treatment for a subject are provided. The methods comprises: acquiring a 3D representation of an arch form associated with the subject; segmenting, in the 3D representation of the arch form, associated representations of the plurality of teeth and the gingiva to generate a plurality of segmentation loops; generating, based on the plurality of segmentation loops, a primary central curve; generating, based on the primary central curve, a first inner mesh curve and a first outer mesh curve, the first inner mesh curve; generating a first segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva by joining each one from the plurality of primary midpoints with respective ones from the first plurality of inner midpoints and from the first plurality of outer midpoints; and causing display of the first segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva for determining the orthodontic treatment. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for reconstructing a 3D representation of a gingiva associated with an arch form of a subject, the method being executed by a processor, the method comprising: acquiring a 3D representation of an arch form associated with the subject, the 3D representation including a representation of the gingiva and a plurality of teeth of the subject; the 3D representation of the arch form including data of a transverse plane associated with a skull of the subject; the transverse plane being associated with a common median axis lying therein and a common vertical axis perpendicular thereto; segmenting, in the 3D representation of the arch form, associated representations of the plurality of teeth and the gingiva to generate a plurality of segmentation loops, each segmentation loop being respectively associated with each tooth of the plurality of teeth and representing an interface of a given tooth with the gingiva; determining, between each adjacent two segmentation loops of the plurality of segmentation loops, a midpoint, thereby generating a plurality of primary midpoints for the plurality of segmentation loops; based on the plurality of midpoints, generating a primary central curve; generating, based on the primary central curve, a first inner mesh curve and a first outer mesh curve, the first inner mesh curve positioned along a first horizontal plane and the first outer mesh curve positioned along a second horizontal plane, both the first horizontal plane and the second horizontal plane being parallel to the transverse plane and being vertically offset, along the common vertical axis, from a highest vertex of the plurality of segmentation loops; the first inner mesh curve being offset along the common median axis posteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the first horizontal plane; and the first outer mesh curve being offset along the common median axis anteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the second horizontal plane; projecting the plurality of primary midpoints onto the first inner mesh curve and the first outer mesh curve, thereby generating a first plurality of inner midpoints and a first plurality of outer midpoints; generating a first segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva by joining each one from the plurality of primary midpoints with respective ones from the first plurality of inner midpoints and from the first plurality of outer midpoints; and causing display of the first segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first horizontal plane and the second horizontal plane comprise a same horizontal plane. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first horizontal plane and the second horizontal plane are vertically offset, along the common vertical axis, relative to each other. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the projecting the plurality of primary midpoints onto the first inner mesh curve and the first outer mesh curve is based on respective proportional coefficients, a given one of the respective proportional coefficients being indicative of a ratio between a length of the primary central curve and that of a respective one of the first inner mesh curve and the first outer mesh curve. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising generating a second segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva by: generating, based on the primary central curve, a second inner mesh curve and a second outer mesh curve, the second inner mesh curve being positioned along a third horizontal plane and the second outer mesh curve being positioned along a fourth horizontal plane, the third horizontal plane being parallel to and vertically offset from the first horizontal plane and the fourth horizontal plane being parallel to and vertically offset from the second horizontal plane; the second inner mesh curve being offset along the common median axis posteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the third horizontal plane; and the second outer mesh curve being offset along the common median axis anteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the fourth horizontal plane; projecting the plurality of primary midpoints onto the second inner mesh curve and the second outer mesh curve, thereby generating a second plurality of inner midpoints and a second plurality of outer midpoints; and generating a second segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva by joining each one from the plurality of primary midpoints with respective ones from the second plurality of inner midpoints and from the second plurality of outer midpoints. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, further comprising causing display of the first and second segments of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein each segmentation loop of the plurality of segmentation loops is generated by: generating a preliminary segmentation loop based on segmentation of respective representations of the gingiva and the plurality of teeth on the 3D representation of the arch form; identifying in the preliminary segmentation loop a plurality of vertices; and adjusting a distance between at least some of the vertices, to generate the segmentation loop. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the segmenting comprises applying one or more of the following functions: thresholding, clustering, edge detection, smoothing, and closing the loop. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further comprising generating, between a given pair of adjacent segmentation loops of the plurality of segmentation loops, an outer arc and an inner arc for interconnecting the given pair of adjacent segmentation loops, thereby generating a primary border curve. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, further comprising generating, between the given pair of adjacent segmentation loops of the plurality of segmentation loops, a tween curve originating in a respective one of the plurality of primary midpoints, the tween curve extending through the outer arc and the inner arc, thereby generating a plurality of tween curves; and wherein the joining each one from the plurality of primary midpoints with respective ones from the first plurality of inner midpoints and from the first plurality of outer midpoints is based on a respective one of the plurality of tween curves. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the distance between the at least some of the vertices is adjusted to be equal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the primary central curve is generated using a Bezier curve. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising using the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva to plan an orthodontic treatment. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the 3D representation of the gingiva comprises a plurality of mesh elements which are not ordered, and wherein the generated 3D representation of the gingiva comprises a plurality of ordered mesh elements. ### Claim 15 A system for reconstructing a 3D representation of a gingiva associated with an arch form of a subject, the system comprising a processor configured to execute a method, the method comprising: acquiring a 3D representation of an arch form associated with the subject, the 3D representation including a representation of the gingiva and a plurality of teeth of the subject; the 3D representation of the arch form including data of a transverse plane associated with a skull of the subject; the transverse plane being associated with a common median axis lying therein and a common vertical axis perpendicular thereto; segmenting, in the 3D representation of the arch form, associated representations of the plurality of teeth and the gingiva to generate a plurality of segmentation loops, each segmentation loop respectively associated with each tooth of the plurality of teeth and representing an interface of a given tooth with the gingiva; determining, between each adjacent two segmentation loops of the plurality of segmentation loops, a midpoint, thereby generating a plurality of primary midpoints for the plurality of segmentation loops; based on the plurality of midpoints, generating a primary central curve; generating, based on the primary central curve, a first inner mesh curve and a first outer mesh curve, the first inner mesh curve positioned along a first horizontal plane and the first outer mesh curve positioned along a second horizontal plane, both the first horizontal plane and the second horizontal plane being parallel to the transverse plane and being vertically offset, along the common vertical axis, from a highest vertex of the plurality of segmentation loops; the first inner mesh curve being offset along the common median axis posteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the first horizontal plane; and the first outer mesh curve being offset along the common median axis anteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the second horizontal plane; projecting the plurality of primary midpoints onto the first inner mesh curve and the first outer mesh curve, thereby generating a first plurality of inner midpoints and a first plurality of outer midpoints; generating a first segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva by joining each one from the plurality of primary midpoints with respective ones from the first plurality of inner midpoints and from the first plurality of outer midpoints; and causing display of the first segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to generate a second segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva by: generating, based on the primary central curve, a second inner mesh curve and a second outer mesh curve, the second inner mesh curve and the second outer mesh curve being positioned along a third horizontal plane and a fourth horizontal plane, both the third horizontal plane and the fourth horizontal plane being parallel to and vertical offset from the first horizontal plane and the second horizontal plane, respectively; the second inner mesh curve being offset along the common median axis posteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the third horizontal plane; and the second outer mesh curve being offset along the common median axis anteriorly relative to the primary central curve along the fourth horizontal plane; projecting the plurality of primary midpoints onto the second inner mesh curve and the second outer mesh curve, thereby generating a second plurality of inner midpoints and a second plurality of outer midpoints; and generating a second segment of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva by joining each one from the plurality of primary midpoints with respective ones from the second plurality of inner midpoints and from the second plurality of outer midpoints. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The system of claim 16, wherein the processor is further configured to cause display of the first and second segments of the reconstructed 3D representation of the gingiva. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein each segmentation loop of the plurality of segmentation loops is generated by: generating a preliminary segmentation loop based on segmentation of respective representations of the gingiva and the plurality of teeth on the 3D representation of the arch form; identifying in the preliminary segmentation loop a plurality of vertices; and adjusting a distance between at least some of the vertices, to generate the segmentation loop. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to generate, between a given pair of adjacent segmentation loops of the plurality of segmentation loops, an outer arc and an inner arc for interconnecting the given pair of adjacent segmentation loops, thereby generating a primary border curve. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The system of claim 19, wherein the processor is further configured to generate, between the given pair of adjacent segmentation loops of the plurality of segmentation loops, a tween curve originating in a respective one of the plurality of primary midpoints, the tween curve extending through the outer arc and the inner arc, thereby generating a plurality of tween curves; and wherein the joining each one from the plurality of primary midpoints with respective ones from the first plurality of inner midpoints and from the first plurality of outer midpoints is based on a respective one of the plurality of tween curves.