US 10,900,660 B2Granted

Fluidized bed heat exchanger

AssigneeDoosan Lentjes GmbH

InventorsOguzhan Narin, Damian Goral

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Abstract

A fluidized bed heat exchanger with a chamber (24) comprises a solid particles inlet port (22), a solid particles outlet port (30), arranged at a distance to the inlet port (22), means (46) for introducing a fluidizing gas from a bottom area into the chamber (24). The heat exchanger further comprises at least two heat transfer means (28) within the one chamber (24), each being provided with a heat transfer medium inlet port (42) and a heat transfer medium outlet port (44), wherein a first heat transfer means (28) is designed as a reheater and second heat transfer means (28) is designed as a superheater to achieve a heat transfer medium temperature and a heat transfer medium pressure above that of the reheater. At least one of the reheater or superheater is made of a multiplicity of heat transfer tubes arranged in a meandering fashion for conveying a heat transfer medium.

Claims26

Dependent claims

An apparatus comprising:

a fluidized bed, wherein the fluidized bed includes
a circulating fluidized bed reactor (10) with at least one outlet port (16) at its upper part,
wherein said outlet port (16) allows a mixture of gas and solid particles exhausted from the circulating fluidized bed reactor (10) to flow into at least one associated separator (18) for separating solid particles from said gas,
means (20) to transfer said separated solid particles into at least one fluidized bed heat exchanger, and
return means to transport at least part of said solid particles back into the circulating fluidized bed reactor (10), wherein
a) the fluidized bed reactor (10) and the fluidized bed heat exchanger (24) have one common wall (14w),
b) the fluidized bed heat exchanger comprises
b1) only one single chamber (24), wherein the only one single chamber (24) includes an interior area, wherein the interior area is enclosed and separated from the circulating fluidized bed reactor (10) such that no particles move from the reactor (10) to the chamber (24) without first moving through the separator (18),
b2) at least one solid particles inlet port (22) arranged on the only one single chamber,
b3) at least one solid particles outlet port (30) arranged on the only one single chamber at a distance and opposite to the at least one inlet port (22),
b4) means (46) for introducing a fluidizing gas into a bottom area (24b) of said only one single chamber (24),
b5) at least two distinct sets of heat transfer means (28, G1, G2) within said only one single chamber (24),
b5i) each of said two heat transfer means (28, G1, G2) being provided with a respective heat transfer medium inlet port (42) and a respective heat transfer medium outlet port (44), wherein
b5ii) the at least two heat transfer means (28, G1, G2) being arranged relative to the other in the only one single chamber allowing all solid particles to take a direct way through the at least two heat transfer means (28, G1, G2) from the at least one inlet port (22) to the at least one outlet port (30), wherein the at least two heat transfer means include
b5iii) a first heat transfer means (28) that is designed as a reheater and a second heat transfer means (28) that is designed as a superheater to achieve a heat transfer medium temperature and a heat transfer medium pressure above that of the reheater.

12 more elements

An apparatus comprising:

a circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a fluidized bed,
wherein the fluidized bed is operative to produce a mixture of hot gas and hot solid particles,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber that houses the fluidized bed,
wherein the reactor chamber includes an upper part,
wherein the upper part of the reactor chamber includes a reactor outlet port,
wherein the reactor outlet port is operative to pass all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor from the reactor chamber,
a cyclone separator,
wherein the cyclone separator is in operative connection with the reactor outlet port,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to receive from the reactor chamber all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to separate the solid particles from the gas,
wherein the cyclone separator includes a gas outlet from which the gas is exhausted from the cyclone separator and a particle outlet from which the particles leave the separator,
a first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
a fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger includes only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator through the first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is operative to transfer a first portion constituting less than all of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the only one single heat exchanger chamber wherein the solid particles are in operative contact with the fluidized bed heat exchanger,
a second conduit,
wherein the second conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
wherein the second conduit is operative to transport a second portion constituting a remainder of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator not included in the first portion, into the reactor chamber,
a support frame,
wherein the support frame includes a horizontally extending upper base,
wherein the upper base of the support frame includes a plurality of posts, wherein the posts extend downward from the upper base,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor and the cyclone separator are mounted in a horizontally disposed side-by-side vertically suspended manner from the plurality of posts,
whereby the suspended mounting of the circulating fluidized bed reactor prevents damage due to expansion and constriction,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the fluidized bed are arranged in horizontally disposed side-by-side relation and are separated only by a single vertically extending common wall,
wherein the single common wall includes a heat exchanger outlet port, wherein the heat exchanger outlet port is operative to pass solid particles from the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber to the reactor chamber.

25 more elements

An apparatus comprising:

a circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a fluidized bed,
wherein the fluidized bed is operative to produce a mixture of hot gas and hot solid particles,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber that houses the fluidized bed,
wherein the reactor chamber includes an upper part,
wherein the upper part of the reactor chamber includes a reactor outlet port,
wherein the reactor outlet port is operative to pass all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor from the reactor chamber,
a cyclone separator,
wherein the cyclone separator is in operative connection with the reactor outlet port,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to receive from the reactor chamber all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to separate the solid particles from the gas,
wherein the cyclone separator includes a gas outlet from which the gas is exhausted from the cyclone separator and a particle outlet from which the particles leave the separator,
a first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
a fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger includes only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator through the first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is operative to transfer a first portion constituting less than all of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the only one single heat exchanger chamber wherein the solid particles are in operative contact with the fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein, before any of the solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor are transferred into the only one single chamber of the fluidized bed heat exchanger, the solid particles that are transferred into the one single chamber are first transferred from the reactor chamber to the cyclone separator through the reactor outlet port,
a second conduit,
wherein the second conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
wherein the second conduit is operative to transport a second portion constituting a remainder of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator not included in the first portion, into the reactor chamber,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the fluidized bed are arranged in horizontally disposed side-by-side relation and are separated only by a single vertically extending common wall,
wherein the single common wall includes a heat exchanger outlet port, wherein the heat exchanger outlet port is operative to pass solid particles from the fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber to the reactor chamber.

21 more elements

An apparatus comprising:

a circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a fluidized bed,
wherein the fluidized bed is operative to produce a mixture of hot gas and hot solid particles,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber that houses the fluidized bed,
wherein the reactor chamber includes an upper part,
wherein the upper part of the reactor chamber includes a reactor outlet port,
wherein the reactor outlet port is operative to pass all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor from the reactor chamber,
a cyclone separator,
wherein the cyclone separator is in operative connection with the reactor outlet port,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to receive from the reactor chamber all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to separate the solid particles from the gas,
wherein the cyclone separator includes a gas outlet in which the gas is exhausted from the cyclone separator and a particle outlet from which the particles leave the separator,
a first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
a fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger includes only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator through the first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is operative to transfer a first portion constituting less than all of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the only one single heat exchanger chamber wherein the solid particles are in operative contact with the fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the only one single heat exchanger chamber includes at least two distinct heat transfer means within the only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein one of the at least two distinct heat transfer means comprises a reheater and the other of the at least two distinct heat transfer means comprises a superheater, wherein the superheater is operative to achieve a heat transfer medium temperature and a heat transfer medium pressure above the reheater,
a second conduit,
wherein the second conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
wherein the second conduit is operative to transport a second portion constituting a remainder of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator not included in the first portion, into the reactor chamber,
a support frame,
wherein the support frame includes a horizontally extending upper base,
wherein the upper base of the support frame includes a plurality of posts, wherein the posts extend downward from the upper base,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor and the cyclone separator are mounted in a horizontally disposed side-by-side vertically suspended manner from the plurality of posts,
whereby the suspended mounting of the circulating fluidized bed reactor prevents damage due to expansion and constriction,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the fluidized bed are arranged in horizontally disposed side-by-side relation and are separated only by a single vertically extending common wall,
wherein the single common wall includes a heat exchanger outlet port, wherein the heat exchanger outlet port is operative to pass solid particles from the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber to the reactor chamber.

27 more elements

An apparatus comprising:

a circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a fluidized bed,
wherein the fluidized bed is operative to produce a mixture of hot gas and hot solid particles,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber that houses the fluidized bed,
wherein the reactor chamber includes an upper part,
wherein the upper part of the reactor chamber includes a reactor outlet port,
wherein the reactor outlet port is operative to pass all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor from the reactor chamber,
a cyclone separator,
wherein the cyclone separator is in operative connection with the reactor outlet port,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to receive from the reactor chamber all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to separate the solid particles from the gas,
wherein the cyclone separator includes a gas outlet in which the gas is exhausted from the cyclone separator and a particle outlet from which the particles leave the separator,
a first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
a fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger includes only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator through the first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is operative to transfer a first portion constituting less than all of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the only one single heat exchanger chamber wherein the solid particles are in operative contact with the fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein before any of the solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor are transferred into the only one single chamber of the fluidized bed heat exchanger, the solid particles that are transferred into the one single chamber are first transferred from the reactor chamber to the cyclone separator through the reactor outlet port,
wherein the only one single heat exchanger chamber includes
at least two distinct heat transfer means within the only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein one of the at least two distinct heat transfer means comprises a reheater and the other of the heat transfer means comprises a superheater, wherein the superheater is operative to achieve a heat transfer medium temperature and a heat transfer medium pressure above the reheater,
a solid particles inlet port and a solid particles outlet port,
wherein the solid particles outlet port is arranged on the only one single heat exchanger chamber at a distance from and opposite to the inlet port,
wherein the reheater and the superheater are arranged relative to each other in the only one single chamber to allow all solid particles to take a direct way through the reheater and the superheater from the solid particles inlet port to the solid particles outlet port,
a second conduit,
wherein the second conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
wherein the second conduit is operative to transport a second portion constituting a remainder of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator not included in the first portion, into the reactor chamber,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the fluidized bed are arranged in horizontally disposed side-by-side relation and are separated only by a single vertically extending common wall,
wherein the single wall is in direct connection with the heat exchanger outlet port, wherein the heat exchanger outlet port is operative to pass solid particles from the fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber to the reactor chamber.

27 more elements

Apparatus comprising:

a circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a fluidized bed,
wherein the fluidized bed is operative to produce a mixture of hot gas and hot solid particles,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber that houses the fluidized bed,
wherein the reactor chamber includes an upper part,
wherein the upper part of the reactor chamber includes a reactor outlet port,
wherein the reactor outlet port is operative to pass all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor from the reactor chamber,
a cyclone separator,
wherein the cyclone separator is in operative connection with the reactor outlet port,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to receive from the reactor chamber all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to separate the solid particles from the gas,
wherein the cyclone separator includes a gas outlet in which the gas is exhausted from the cyclone separator and a particle outlet from which the particles leave the separator,
a first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
a fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger includes only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator through the first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is operative to transfer a first portion constituting less than all of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the only one single heat exchanger chamber wherein the solid particles are in operative contact with the fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the only one single heat exchanger chamber includes at least two distinct heat transfer means within the only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein one of the at least two distinct heat transfer means comprises a reheater and the other of the heat transfer means comprises a superheater, wherein the superheater is operative to achieve a heat transfer medium temperature and a heat transfer medium pressure above the reheater,
a solid particles inlet port and a solid particles outlet port,
wherein the solid particles outlet port is arranged on the only one single heat exchanger chamber at a distance from and opposite to the inlet port,
wherein the reheater and the superheater are arranged relative to each other in the only one single chamber to allow all solid particles to take a direct way through the reheater and the superheater from the solid particles inlet port to the solid particles outlet port,
a second conduit,
wherein the second conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
wherein the second conduit is operative to transport a second portion constituting a remainder of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator not included in the first portion, into the reactor chamber,
wherein any solid particles produced in the fluidized bed are caused to move from the reactor chamber to the cyclone separator and the solid particles are further caused to move from the cyclone separator to at least one of the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the reactor chamber, wherein any solid particles that enter into the fluidized bed heat exchanger must first pass through the cyclone separator,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the fluidized bed are arranged in horizontally disposed side-by-side relation and are separated only by a single vertically extending common wall,
wherein the single wall is in direct connection with the heat exchanger outlet port, wherein the heat exchanger outlet port is operative to pass solid particles from the fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber to the reactor chamber.

26 more elements

Apparatus comprising:

a circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a fluidized bed,
wherein the fluidized bed is operative to produce a mixture of hot gas and hot solid particles,
wherein the circulating fluidized bed reactor includes a reactor chamber that houses the fluidized bed,
wherein the reactor chamber includes an upper part,
wherein the upper part of the reactor chamber includes a reactor outlet port,
wherein the reactor outlet port is operative to pass all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor from the reactor chamber,
a cyclone separator,
wherein the cyclone separator is in operative connection with the reactor outlet port,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to receive from the reactor chamber all of the mixture of gas and solid particles produced by the circulating fluidized bed reactor,
wherein the cyclone separator is operative to separate the solid particles from the gas,
wherein the cyclone separator includes a gas outlet in which the gas is exhausted from the cyclone separator and a particle outlet from which the particles leave the separator,
a first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
a fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger includes only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein the only one single fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator through the first conduit,
wherein the first conduit is operative to transfer a first portion constituting less than all of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator into the only one single heat exchanger chamber wherein the solid particles are in operative contact with the fluidized bed heat exchanger,
wherein any solid particles produced in the fluidized bed are caused to move from the reactor chamber to the cyclone separator and the solid particles are further caused to move from the cyclone separator to at least one of the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the reactor chamber, wherein any solid particles that enter into the fluidized bed heat exchanger must first pass through the cyclone separator,
wherein the only one single heat exchanger chamber includes at least two distinct heat transfer means within the only one single heat exchanger chamber,
wherein one of the at least two distinct heat transfer means comprises a reheater and the other of the heat transfer means comprises a superheater, wherein the superheater is operative to achieve a heat transfer medium temperature and a heat transfer medium pressure above the reheater,
a solid particles inlet port and a solid particles outlet port,
wherein the solid particles outlet port is arranged on the only one single heat exchanger chamber at a distance from and opposite to the inlet port,
wherein the reheater and the superheater are arranged relative to each other in the only one single chamber to allow all solid particles to take a direct way through the reheater and the superheater from the solid particles inlet port to the solid particles outlet port,
wherein the only one single heat exchanger chamber further includes a heat exchanger chamber fluidized bed,
wherein the heat exchanger chamber fluidized bed is comprised of a plurality of horizontally disposed chamber nozzles on a bottom wall of the heat exchanger chamber,
a second conduit,
wherein the second conduit is in operative connection with the particle outlet of the cyclone separator,
wherein the second conduit is operative to transport a second portion constituting a remainder of the separated solid particles from the cyclone separator not included in the first portion into the reactor chamber,
a conduit fluidized bed,
wherein the conduit fluidized bed is comprised of a plurality of horizontally disposed conduit nozzles, wherein the plurality of conduit nozzles are in operative connection with at least one of
the first conduit intermediate of the cyclone separator and the fluidized bed heat exchanger, and
the second conduit intermediate of the cyclone separator and the circulating fluidized bed reactor chamber,
wherein the fluidized bed heat exchanger and the fluidized bed are arranged in horizontally disposed side-by-side relation and are separated only by a single vertically extending common wall,
wherein the single wall is in direct connection with the heat exchanger outlet port, wherein the heat exchanger outlet port is operative to pass solid particles from the fluidized bed heat exchanger chamber to the reactor chamber.

32 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Facts

Application: 15/039,072Filed 9 Oct 2014
Priority: EP 1319737616 Dec 2013
Published: US 2017/0016616 A119 Jan 2017
Granted: 26 Jan 2021
Term ends: Not estimatedThe source records don’t support an estimate.

Classification13 codes

F23C 10/04
With means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles…:…
F01K 5/02
Plants characterised by use of means for storing steam in an alkali to increase steam pressure, e.g. of Honigmann or Koenemann type: used in…
F23C 10/00
Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
F28D 7/087
In the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions: assembled in arrays, each array being arranged in the same plane