Liquid chromatography technique

A liquid chromatography technique, comprising:

• providing a liquid chromatography system having a coated metallic column, a stationary phase being positioned within the coated metallic column, the stationary phase including particles having a size of less than 1.5 micrometers
• transporting a fluid through the coated metallic column, wherein conditions for the transporting of the fluid include the temperature of the fluid being greater than 150° C., pressure urging the fluid within the coated metallic column being greater than 60 MPa, the fluid having a protein-containing analyte incompatible with one or both of titanium and polyether ether ketone, the fluid having a chelating agent incompatible with the one or both of the titanium or the polyether ether ketone, or combinations thereof;
• wherein the coated metallic column has a coating including carbon, silicon, oxygen, and hydrogen, and a stainless steel substrate, the pH of the fluid is less than 2, the coated metallic column has a diameter of less than 2.1 mm, the coated metallic column has a length of less than 20 cm, and the coated metallic component has a coating having a thickness of at least 400 nm;
• wherein the transporting of the fluid through the coated metallic column is at a linear velocity of at least 8 mm per second;
• wherein the fluid includes a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, acetonitrile, methanol, formic acid, phosphoric acid, tetrahydrofuran, trifluoroacetic acid, and combinations thereof;
• and
• wherein the fluid includes an analyte selected from the group consisting of tetracycline, N-hydroxypyridine-2-on, adenosine triphosphate, and deoxynucleotide monophosphate.