Piston design for flow re-direction

An internal combustion engine, comprising:

• an engine block having a cylinder bore;
• a cylinder head having a flame deck surface disposed at one end of the cylinder bore;
• an air intake valve associated with the cylinder head and configured to open and allow a flow of intake charge into the cylinder bore;
• a piston connected to a rotatable crankshaft and configured to reciprocate within the cylinder bore along a longitudinal direction, the piston having a crown portion facing the flame deck surface along the longitudinal direction such that a combustion chamber is defined within the cylinder bore and between a top surface of the crown portion and the flame deck surface, the crown portion including a piston bowl having a generally concave shape and extending within the crown portion and a piston wall, the piston wall extending peripherally around the piston along a circumferential direction, an inner face of the piston wall facing a center of the piston bowl along a radial direction, the radial direction being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction;
• a fuel injector having a nozzle tip disposed in fluid communication with the combustion chamber, the nozzle tip having a plurality of nozzle openings configured to inject a plurality of fuel jets into the combustion chamber, each fuel jet of the plurality of fuel jets being provided along a respective fuel jet centerline;
• a plurality of protrusions disposed in the piston bowl adjacent to the piston wall, each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions including
• an apex,
• a first side surface extending from the piston wall to the apex, and
• a second side surface extending from the piston wall to the apex, the second side surface facing away from the first side surface along the circumferential direction, the apex being disposed closer to the center of the piston bowl than the piston wall along the radial direction;
• and
• at least one ledge defined by a ledge wall and a ledge floor,
• the ledge floor extending from the inner face of the piston wall and away from the center of the piston bowl along the radial direction, the ledge floor being disposed between the top surface of the piston and a bottom of the piston bowl along the longitudinal direction,
• the ledge wall extending from the ledge floor toward the top surface of the piston along the longitudinal direction, the ledge wall facing the center of the piston bowl along the radial direction,
• wherein the apex of each protrusion is defined by a flat inner face, the flat inner face being flat in a reference plane defined exclusively by the radial direction and the circumferential direction,
• wherein each protrusion has a minimum circumferential thickness along the circumferential direction, a radial location of the minimum circumferential thickness being located between the flat inner face and the piston wall along the radial direction, and
• wherein a width of the flat inner face along the circumferential direction is greater than the minimum circumferential thickness.