Cell growth matrix

A cell growth matrix assembly comprising a spiral configuration including a plurality of cell immobilization layers, each having a surface which allows cells to adhere and grow, and a plurality of spacer layers, each containing a tortuous path producing structure adjacent to each of said cell immobilization layers, and forming a channel allowing passage of cells and medium along the surface of the plurality of cell immobilization layers, the tortuous path producing structure of each spacer layer adapted to direct the cells into the one or more cell immobilization layers and adhere at a depth therein,

• wherein said plurality of cell immobilization layers are made of a woven or nonwoven fabric;
• wherein the cell growth matrix assembly includes an open central portion including a core about which the plurality of spacer layers and the plurality of cell immobilization layers are positioned;
• wherein at least one of the plurality of spacer layers is unattached to an adjacent one of the plurality of cell immobilization layers;
• wherein the cell growth matrix assembly comprises an innermost spacer layer and an outermost spacer layer;
• and
• wherein a thickness ratio of at least one of the plurality of cell immobilization layers to at least one of the plurality of spacer layers is between 1:2 and 2:1.