# US 10,873,373 B2 · Simplified detection for spatial modulation and space-time block coding with antenna selection

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- Number: US 10,873,373 B2
- Document ID: US10873373B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/129,046
- Filed: 2018-09-12
- Published: 2019-09-19
- Granted: 2020-12-22
- Earliest claimed: 2018-03-16
- Assignees: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Jung Hoon Suh; Osama Aboul-Magd; Kwok Shum Au
- Inventors: Jung Hoon Suh; Osama Aboul-Magd; Kwok Shum Au
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10873373B2

## CPC

- H04B 7/0604: {with predefined switching scheme}
- H04B 7/0413: MIMO systems
- H04B 7/0452: Multi-user MIMO systems
- H04B 7/0613: {using simultaneous transmission (H04B7/0686 takes precedence)}
- H04B 7/0669: {using different channel coding between antennas (space-time coding H04L1/0618)}
- H04B 7/08: at the receiving station
- H04L 1/0041: {Arrangements at the transmitter end}
- H04L 1/0043: {Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. use of look-up tables}
- H04L 1/0048: {in conjunction with detection of multiuser or interfering signals, e.g. iteration between CDMA or MIMO detector and FEC decoder (for spatial equalizer H04L25/03286)}
- H04L 1/0052: {Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. pipelining or use of look-up tables}
- H04L 1/0054: {Maximum-likelihood or sequential decoding, e.g. Viterbi, Fano, ZJ algorithms}
- H04L 1/0072: {Error control for data other than payload data, e.g. control data}
- H04L 1/0625: {Transmitter arrangements}
- H04L 1/0631: {Receiver arrangements}
- H04L 5/0023: {Time-frequency-space}
- H04L 5/0044: {Allocation of payload; Allocation of data channels, e.g. PDSCH or PUSCH}
- H04B 7/066: {Combined feedback for a number of channels, e.g. over several subcarriers like in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [OFDM]}
- H04B 7/0854: {using error minimizing algorithms, e.g. minimum mean squared error [MMSE], "cross-correlation" or matrix inversion}
- H04L 5/0048: {Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver (allocation of control signalling H04L5/0053; use of control signalling H04L5/0091)}
- H04L 27/2602: {Signal structure}
- H04L 27/2626: {Arrangements specific to the transmitter only}
- H04L 27/2647: {Arrangements specific to the receiver only (equalisation H04L27/01)}
- H04L 27/2675: {Pilot or known symbols}
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

Methods and systems that can enable antenna selection (AS) and data bits in transmitted spatially modulated (SM) streams to be detected at a receiver using different detection methods. In example embodiments, encoding for an AS stream is done separately at a transmitter than encoding for data streams, enabling a receiver to use one type of detection for AS bits and a reduced complexity type of MIMO detection for the data bits.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method performed at a transmitter, comprising:
applying forward error correction (FEC) encoding to encode a first portion of an incoming data bitstream into a first encoded bitstream;
applying FEC encoding to encode, independently of the first portion, a second portion of the incoming data bitstream into an antenna selection (AS) bitstream;
encoding each of a plurality of spatial streams into respective symbols, each spatial stream being a different respective portion of the first encoded bitstream; and
transmitting each respective one of the symbols over a respective transmit antenna set, each respective transmit antenna set including one or more antennas transmitting the respective one symbol, the respective transmit antenna set for transmitting each respective one symbol being determined by AS bits from the AS bitstream.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein encoding each of the plurality of spatial streams into respective symbols comprises:
mapping bits in each of the spatial streams to constellation points representing the respective symbols.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the symbols are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the AS bits are inherently detectable by a receiver, based on a sub-carrier for each of the OFDM symbols.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the method is for generating and transmitting a data Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), wherein the incoming data bitstream includes data for a data field of the PPDU, the method further comprising:
including, in a preamble of the PPDU, a plurality of long training fields (LTFs), wherein the number of LTFs in the preamble corresponds to a total number NT of transmit antennas;
wherein the total number NT of transmit antennas is greater than a number N of transmit streams used for transmitting the data PPDU.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein each transmitted symbol includes a respective pilot subcarrier, and the method further comprises mapping the pilot subcarrier of each respective symbol to a respective transmit antenna set, in accordance with the AS bits.

### Claim 7

A processing system comprising memory and a processing device coupled to the memory, the processing device being configured to:
apply forward error correction (FEC) encoding to encode a first portion of an incoming data bitstream into a first encoded bitstream;
apply FEC encoding to encode, independently of the first portion, a second portion of the incoming data bitstream into an antenna selection (AS) bitstream;
encode each of a plurality of spatial streams into respective symbols, each spatial stream being a different respective portion of the first encoded bitstream; and
transmit each respective one of the symbols over a respective transmit antenna set, each respective transmit antenna set including one or more antennas transmitting the respective one symbol, the respective transmit antenna set for transmitting each respective one symbol being determined by AS bits from the AS bitstream.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The processing system of claim 7, wherein the processing device is configured to encode each of the plurality of spatial streams into respective symbols by:
mapping bits in each of the spatial streams to constellation points representing the respective symbols.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The processing system of claim 7, wherein the symbols are orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The processing system of claim 9, wherein the AS bits are inherently detectable by a receiver, based on a sub-carrier for each of the OFDM symbols.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The processing system of claim 7, wherein the processing device is configured to generate a data Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) using the encoding, the incoming data bitstream including data for a data field of the PPDU, and to transmit the PPDU over the respective transmit antenna sets using the transmitting, the processing device being further configured to:
include, in a preamble of the PPDU, a plurality of long training fields (LTFs), wherein the number of LTFs in the preamble corresponds to a total number NT of transmit antennas;
wherein the total number NT of transmit antennas is greater than a number N of transmit streams used for transmitting the data PPDU.

### Claim 12 (depends on 7)

The processing system of claim 7, wherein each transmitted symbol includes a respective pilot subcarrier, and the processing device is configured to map the pilot subcarrier of each respective symbol to a respective transmit antenna set, in accordance with the AS bits.