# US 10,873,135 B2 · Antenna, assembly, and methods of forming the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,873,135 B2 - Document ID: US10873135B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/329,949 - Filed: 2017-09-05 - Published: 2019-07-11 - Granted: 2020-12-22 - Earliest claimed: 2016-09-08 - Assignees: Agency for Science, Technology and Research - Applicants: Agency for Science, Technology and Research - Inventors: Arseniy Kuznetsov; Yuan Hsing Fu - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10873135B2 ## CPC - H01Q 15/141: {Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces} - B82Y 20/00: Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals - G02B 1/002: {made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials} - H01Q 9/0485: {Dielectric resonator antennas} - H01Q 21/062: {using dipole aerials; (H01Q21/067, H01Q21/068 take precedence)} - B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites - H01Q 15/14: Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures {(electromagnetic shields H01Q1/526)} - H01Q 21/061: {Two dimensional planar arrays} - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) - B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS ## Abstract Various embodiments may relate to an antenna. The antenna may include a ridge reflector arranged along a plane. The ridge reflector may be configured to enhance an emission of at least one electromagnetic wave source providing an electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna and further configured to direct the electromagnetic wave signal in a direction at least substantially perpendicular to the plane. The ridge reflector may define a space along the plane for allowing the electromagnetic wave signal to be directed in the direction at least substantially perpendicular to the plane. The ridge reflector may include at least one of a dielectric material and a semiconductor material. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An assembly comprising: an antenna comprising a ridge reflector arranged along a plane; and at least one electromagnetic wave source; wherein the ridge reflector is configured to enhance an emission of the at least one electromagnetic wave source providing an electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna and further configured to direct the electromagnetic wave signal in a direction at least substantially perpendicular to the plane; wherein the ridge reflector defines a space along the plane for allowing the electromagnetic wave signal to be directed in the direction at least substantially perpendicular to the plane; wherein the ridge reflector comprises at least one of a dielectric material and a semiconductor material; wherein the ridge reflector is a continuous structure surrounding the space; and wherein the at least one electromagnetic wave source is located in the space defined by the ridge reflector. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The assembly according to claim 1, wherein a refractive index of the ridge reflector is equal to or greater than 2. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave signal comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of a visible light, an infrared light, a terahertz radiation, and a microwave radiation. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The assembly according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic wave signal has a wavelength selected from a range of 400 nm to 3 μm. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: one or more nanostructures in the space. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The assembly according to claim 5, wherein the one or more nanostructures are nanoparticles. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The assembly according to claim 5, wherein each of the one or more nanostructures has a refractive index equal to or greater than 2. ### Claim 8 (depends on 5) The assembly according to claim 5, wherein the one or more nanostructures comprise a semiconductor material. ### Claim 9 (depends on 5) The assembly according to claim 5, wherein the one or more nanostructures comprise a dielectric material. ### Claim 10 (depends on 5) The assembly according to claim 5, wherein the one or more nanostructures are a plurality of nanostructures. ### Claim 11 (depends on 5) The assembly according to claim 5, wherein the antenna is further configured to direct the electromagnetic wave signal in a further direction opposite the direction; and wherein the further direction is also at least substantially perpendicular to the plane. ### Claim 12 (depends on 5) The assembly according to claim 5, wherein the ridge reflector has any one suitable shape selected from a group consisting of circle, a square, and a polygon. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: a substrate in contact with the antenna. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: a medium covering the antenna; wherein the medium has a refractive index equal to or less than 2. ### Claim 15 A method of forming an assembly, the method comprising: providing an antenna comprising arranging a ridge reflector along a plane; and providing at least one electromagnetic source; wherein the ridge reflector is configured to enhance an emission of the at least one electromagnetic wave source providing an electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna and further configured to direct the electromagnetic wave signal in a direction at least substantially perpendicular to the plane; wherein the ridge reflector defines a space along the plane for allowing the electromagnetic wave signal to be directed in the direction at least substantially perpendicular to the plane; wherein the ridge reflector comprises at least one of a dielectric material and a semiconductor material; wherein the ridge reflector is a continuous structure surrounding the space; and wherein the at least one electromagnetic wave source is located in the space defined by the ridge reflector. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, further comprising: providing one or more nanostructures in the space.