# US 10,870,953 B2 · Sustainably constructed pavement, and methods and apparatus for constructing the same > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,870,953 B2 - Document ID: US10870953B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/984,046 - Filed: 2018-05-18 - Published: 2018-12-27 - Granted: 2020-12-22 - Earliest claimed: 2017-06-09 - Applicants: Qingbin Cui; Harold Green; Xiaoyu Liu; David F Choy - Inventors: Qingbin Cui; Harold Green; Xiaoyu Liu; David F Choy - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10870953B2 ## CPC - E01C 19/1004: {Reconditioning or reprocessing bituminous mixtures, e.g. salvaged paving, fresh patching mixtures grown unserviceable; Recycling salvaged bituminous mixtures; Apparatus for the in-plant recycling thereof (E01C19/1036 takes precedence)} - E01C 1/00: Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption (design or layout of sports grounds A63C19/00; design or layout of airfields B64F {, of helicopter landing stages E01F3/00}) - E01C 7/142: {Mixtures or their components, e.g. aggregate (E01C7/147, E01C7/355 take precedence)} - E01C 7/182: {Aggregate or filler materials, except those according to E01C7/26 (E01C7/187, E01C7/353 take precedence)} - E01C 7/24: Binder incorporated as an emulsion or solution (making dispersions or emulsions for road building C04B) - E01C 11/005: {Methods or materials for repairing pavings (E01C7/35 takes precedence; for concrete coverings E01C7/147; for bituminous coverings E01C7/187; devices for repair works E01C23/06; repairing bridge floorings E01D22/00)} - E01C 23/065: {Recycling in place or on the road, i.e. hot or cold reprocessing of paving in situ or on the traffic surface, with or without adding virgin material or lifting of salvaged material; Repairs or resurfacing involving at least partial reprocessing of the existing paving (in situ mixing of hydraulic cement concrete E01C19/025; apparatus for in-plant recycling E01C19/1004, E01C19/1036)} - G06Q 10/04: Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem" (market predictions or forecasting for commercial activities G06Q30/0202) - G06Q 50/08: Construction - Y02A 30/30: in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways - Y02P 90/84: Greenhouse gas [GHG] management systems - Y02P 90/845: Inventory and reporting systems for greenhouse gases [GHG] - E01C: CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR (forming roads or like surfaces by compacting or grading snow or ice E01H) - G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract A sustainable pavement is constructed by creating a construction structure for a hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement according to a pavement project; calculating a greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of the HMA pavement; performing a sustainable construction on the HMA pavement to modify one or more layers in the HMA pavement to form a sustainably constructed pavement; calculating a GHG emission of the sustainably constructed pavement; and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emissions of the HMA pavement and the sustainably constructed pavement. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for constructing a sustainable pavement, comprising: creating a construction structure for a hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement according to a pavement project; calculating a greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of the HMA pavement; performing a sustainable construction on the HMA pavement to modify one or more layers in the HMA pavement to form a sustainably constructed pavement; calculating a GHG emission of the sustainably constructed pavement; and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emissions of the HMA pavement and the sustainably constructed pavement. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: calculating a carbon credit payback of the sustainably constructed pavement based on the carbon reduction. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein performing the sustainable construction on the HMA pavement includes: replacing the one or more layers in the HMA pavement by at least one sustainably constructed layer to form the sustainably constructed pavement, wherein: the sustainably constructed layer includes a foamed stabilized base (FSB) layer, a layer of asphalt emulsions, a hot recycling layer, and a hot in-place recycling (HIR) layer, and the FSB layer includes at least one of a cold central plant recycling (CCPR) layer, a cold in-place recycling (CIR) layer, or a full depth reclamation (FDR) layer. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the sustainably constructed pavement includes at least: a base portion, and a surface portion over the base portion, wherein: the base portion includes the at least one sustainably constructed layer, and the surface portion includes at least one HMA layer from the HMA pavement. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: adjusting a construction of the sustainably constructed pavement for a predetermined carbon reduction amount. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, further comprising, when the carbon reduction is less than the predetermined carbon reduction amount, performing another sustainable construction on the HMA pavement to modify one or more layers in the HMA pavement to form another sustainably constructed pavement; calculating a GHG emission of the another sustainably constructed pavement; and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emissions of the HMA pavement and the another sustainably constructed pavement. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein: performing another sustainable construction on the HMA pavement includes: adjusting a thickness of at least one of a plurality of layers in the sustainably constructed pavement; and calculating the GHG emission of the another sustainably constructed pavement and obtaining the carbon reduction include: updating the GHG emission of the another sustainably constructed pavement based on the adjusted thickness, and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emission of the HMA pavement and the updated GHG emissions of the another sustainably constructed pavement. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the GHG emission of the sustainably constructed pavement includes: calculating a production of an emission intensity and calculating a layer size of each layer of the plurality of layers in the sustainably constructed pavement, and calculating a sum of the production of each layer of the plurality of layers in the sustainably constructed pavement as the GHG emission of the sustainably constructed pavement. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein: the emission intensity for each layer is determined at least based on a raw material emission factor, a hauling emission factor, a plant energy emission factor, an installation equipment emission factor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) A sustainably constructed pavement, constructed using the method of claim 1, the sustainably constructed pavement comprising: another construction structure, based on the construction structure for the HMA pavement that includes: an HMA surface layer, an HMA base layer, a stabilized drainage layer, and a cement treated aggregate, stacked one over another, wherein the another construction structure of the sustainably constructed pavement includes a sustainably constructed layer selected from a foamed stabilized base (FSB) layer, a layer of asphalt emulsions, a hot recycling layer, a hot in-place recycling (HIR) layer, or a combination thereof, to replace at least one of the HMA base layer, the stabilized drainage layer, and the cement treated aggregate in the construction structure for the HMA pavement. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The sustainably constructed pavement of claim 10, wherein: the FSB layer includes at least one of a cold central plant recycling (CCPR) layer, a cold in-place recycling (CIR) layer, and a full depth reclamation (FDR) layer. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The sustainably constructed pavement of claim 10, wherein: the construction structure for the HMA pavement further includes an HMA intermediate layer stacked between the HMA surface layer and the HMA base layer. ### Claim 13 An apparatus for constructing a pavement project, comprising: a hardware processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the hardware processor, cause the hardware processor for: creating a construction structure for a hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavement according to a pavement project; calculating a greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of the HMA pavement; performing a sustainable construction on the HMA pavement to modify one or more layers in the HMA pavement to form a sustainably constructed pavement; calculating a GHG emission of the sustainably constructed pavement; and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emissions of the HMA pavement and the sustainably constructed pavement. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the hardware processor is further configured for: calculating a carbon credit payback of the sustainably constructed pavement based on the carbon reduction. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein performing the sustainable construction on the HMA pavement includes: replacing the one or more layers in the HMA pavement by at least one sustainably constructed layer to form the sustainably constructed pavement, wherein: the sustainably constructed layer includes a foamed stabilized base (FSB) layer, a layer of asphalt emulsions, a hot recycling layer, and a hot in-place recycling (HIR) layer, and the FSB layer includes at least one of a cold central plant recycling (CCPR) layer, a cold in-place recycling (CIR) layer, or a full depth reclamation (FDR) layer. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the sustainably constructed pavement includes at least: a base portion, and a surface portion over the base portion, wherein: the base portion includes the at least one sustainably constructed layer, and the surface portion includes at least one HMA layer from the HMA pavement. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the hardware processor is further configured for: instructing a construction of the sustainably constructed pavement when the carbon reduction is greater than the predetermined carbon reduction amount. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The apparatus of claim 17, wherein, when the carbon reduction is out of the predetermined range, the hardware processor is further configured for: performing another sustainable construction on the HMA pavement to modify one or more layers in the HMA pavement to form another sustainably constructed pavement; calculating a GHG emission of the another sustainably constructed pavement; and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emissions of the HMA pavement and the another sustainably constructed pavement. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The apparatus of claim 18, wherein: performing another sustainable construction on the HMA pavement includes: adjusting a thickness of at least one of a plurality of layers in the sustainably constructed pavement; and calculating the GHG emission of the another sustainably constructed pavement and obtaining the carbon reduction include: updating the GHG emission of the another sustainably constructed pavement based on the adjusted thickness, and obtaining a carbon reduction by comparing the GHG emission of the HMA pavement and the updated GHG emissions of the another sustainably constructed pavement.