# US 10,870,217 B2 · Basalt sandwich-panel additive manufacturing

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- Number: US 10,870,217 B2
- Document ID: US10870217B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/966,326
- Filed: 2018-04-30
- Published: 2018-11-01
- Granted: 2020-12-22
- Earliest claimed: 2017-05-01
- Applicants: Maksym Gerbut
- Inventors: Maksym Gerbut
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10870217B2

## CPC

- B28B 1/001: {Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material (selective deposition modelling of metallic powder B22F10/00; rapid manufacturing of 3D objects in general and in particular of plastics B29C64/00)}
- B28B 3/2636: {using means for co-extruding different materials}
- B28B 11/042: {with insulating material}
- B29C 48/07: Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C 48/14: characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
- B29C 64/106: using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B33Y 10/00: Processes of additive manufacturing
- B33Y 30/00: Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B33Y 70/00: Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing
- E04B 1/3505: {characterised by the in situ moulding of large parts of a structure (E04B1/3511, E04B1/3516, E04B1/3522, E04B1/3533, E04B1/3544, E04B1/355 take precedence)}
- B29K 2105/04: cellular or porous
- B29K 2995/0002: insulating
- E04G 2021/049: {concrete mixing nozzles specially adapted for conveying devices}
- B28B: SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER (foundry moulding B22C; working stone or stone-like material B28D; shaping of substances in a plastic state, in general B29C; making layered products not composed wholly of these substances B32B)
- B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00)
- B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- E04B: GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS (border constructions of opening in walls, floors or ceilings E06B1/00; {electromagnetic shielding H05K9/0001})
- B29K: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR {MOULDS, } REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- E04G: SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS

## Abstract

The present invention includes an insulating panel for building structures, a printing device for making an insulating panel for building structures, and a method for the manufacturing of an insulating panel for building structures. The insulating panel resulting from the printing device comprises a multi-layered basalt sandwich wall that is made of external layers on either side of a middle layer. The external layers comprise a load-bearing coating made from basalt, and the middle layer comprises a heat insulating material made from basalt (basalt wool or foamed basalt). As a result, a specific sandwich-panel is manufactured from one local raw material (basalt), which possesses high mechanical and heat insulating properties. Such technology can be used for erecting comfortable buildings for colonists for long term use even under severe climatic conditions of solar system planets and satellites where appropriate raw materials exist.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An insulating panel for building structures, comprising:
a middle layer, said middle layer comprising a first material, said first material resulting from a combination of a molten basalt and a reagent, said combination occurring to form said first material at an atmospheric temperature, said middle layer being an insulating layer,
an external layer located on each side of the middle layer, each external layer comprising a second material, said second material comprising solid basalt, each external layer being a load-bearing layer.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The insulating panel of claim 1, wherein said middle layer and each external layer are formed simultaneously via a single printing device.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The insulating panel of claim 1, wherein the first material comprises foamed basalt.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The insulating panel of claim 1, wherein the first material comprises basalt wool.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The insulating panel of claim 1, wherein the reagent is CO2 dry ice.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The insulating panel of claim 1, wherein the reagent is Fe2O3.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The insulating panel of claim 1, wherein the reagent is TiH2.