# US 10,870,095 B2 · Monitoring and control module for fluid catalytic cracking unit

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- Number: US 10,870,095 B2
- Document ID: US10870095B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/298,706
- Filed: 2019-03-11
- Published: 2019-08-08
- Granted: 2020-12-22
- Earliest claimed: 2014-10-02
- Assignees: Blac Inc.
- Applicants: Blac Inc.
- Inventors: Philip B. Black
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10870095B2

## CPC

- B01J 8/24: according to "fluidised-bed" technique (B01J8/20 takes precedence)
- B01J 8/1809: {Controlling processes}
- B01J 8/1827: {the fluidising gas being a reactant}
- B01J 8/1872: {Details of the fluidised bed reactor (B01J8/1836 takes precedence)}
- B05B 1/30: designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages {(B05B11/0094 takes precedence)}
- B05B 7/04: with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge (mixing in general B01F, e.g. B01F25/00; mixing valves F16K11/00)
- B05B 7/12: designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
- C10G 11/18: according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
- C10G 11/187: {Controlling or regulating}
- B01J 2208/00902: Nozzle-type feeding elements
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B05B: SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES (spray-mixers with nozzles B01F25/72; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces by spraying B05D)
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES

## Abstract

A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit for the production of hydrocarbon products includes a fluid injection system coupled to a reactor by a standpipe. The fluid injection system includes a plurality of nozzles for injecting oil feedstock into the standpipe to react with a catalyst flowing therethrough.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A fluid injection system for a fluid catalytic cracking unit having a cracking standpipe into which oil, steam, and a catalyst are introduced at elevated pressure and temperature to crack the oil into constituent portions, the fluid injection system comprising:
a manifold coupled to the cracking standpipe, the manifold having plurality of inner passages for distributing flows of oil and steam through the manifold, a plurality of inlets in fluid communication with the plurality of inner passages, and a plurality of outlets separated from the plurality of inlets and in fluid communication with the plurality of inner passages;
a plurality of separate mixing chambers circumferentially disposed about the manifold, each mixing chamber configured to atomize oil supplied to the mixing chamber and mix the atomized oil with steam supplied to the mixing chamber;
a plurality of multiflow control blocks circumferentially disposed about the manifold and coupled to the plurality of outlets, each multiflow control block configured for controlling the flows of oil and steam into a corresponding one of the plurality of mixing chambers; and
a plurality of nozzles circumferentially disposed about the standpipe and extending through respective apertures into the standpipe, the plurality of nozzles in fluid communication with the plurality of mixing chambers for directing the oil and steam mixture into the standpipe in a controlled manner for reaction with the catalyst.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The fluid injection system of claim 1, wherein each of the multiflow control blocks includes a plurality of valves for controlling the flows of oil and steam into the corresponding mixing chamber.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The fluid injection system of claim 2, wherein each of the valves is a dual block and bleed valve.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The fluid injection system of claim 3, wherein each of the dual block and bleed valves includes first and second independently movable members for either blocking or allowing the flow of oil or steam through the valve.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The fluid injection system of claim 3, wherein each of the dual block and bleed valves comprises:
a housing having an axial bore and an annular seat, the housing formed to include a first port formed through the housing and positioned on a first side of the annular seat and a second port formed through the housing and positioned on a second side of the annular seat opposite the first side,
a first stem having an annular body and a first plug end coupled to a first end of the annular body, a second end of the annular body received in the bore of the housing such that the first plug end is positioned on the first side of the annular seat, the first stem configured to move axially relative to the housing between an open position where the first plug end is spaced apart from the annular seat and a closed position where the first plug end is engaged with and seated against the annular seat to seal an opening through the annular seat, and
a second stem having a shaft and a second plug end coupled to a first end of the shaft, a second end of the shaft received in the annular body of the first stem such that the second plug end is positioned on the second side of the annular seat, the second stem configured to move axially relative to the housing between an open position where the second plug end is spaced apart from the annular seat and a closed position where the second plug end is engaged with and seated against the annular seat to seal the opening through the annular seat,
wherein the annular seat is formed to include a bleeder port extending through the housing and configured to provide means for passing a fluid received in the housing through one of the first or second ports out of the housing until at least one of the first and second plug ends is seated against the annular seat.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The fluid injection system of claim 1, further including a plurality of shutoff valves, each shutoff valve configured to block fluid communication between corresponding ones of the plurality of mixing chambers and plurality of nozzles at the selection of a user.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The fluid injection system of claim 6, further including a plurality of threaded couplings attaching a respective nozzle to an inner portion of the manifold in a removable manner.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The fluid injection system of claim 7, further including a removal tool coupled to one of the nozzles and engaging the manifold for removing the nozzle from the manifold in a sealed manner during operation of the fluid catalytically cracking unit and preventing unwanted escape of oil and steam from the standpipe.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The fluid injection system of claim 8, wherein the removal tool is adapted for replacing the first nozzle with a second nozzle while preventing escape of oil and steam from the standpipe.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The fluid injection system of claim 1, wherein the flow of oil is provided to a corresponding inner passage of the plurality of inner passages at a pressure between about 50 and 300 psig and at a temperature of about 500° F., and the flow of steam is provided to a corresponding inner passage of the plurality of inner passages at a pressure between about 50 and 350 psig and at a temperature of about 550° F.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The fluid injection system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of inner passages includes at least a first inner passage defining a first plenum for distributing the flow of oil around the manifold to a first set of outlets of the plurality of outlets and a second inner passage defining a second plenum for distributing the flow of steam around the manifold to a second set of outlets of the plurality of outlets.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The fluid injection system of claim 11, wherein each multiflow control block includes an oil control block coupled to a corresponding outlet of the first set of outlets and a steam control block coupled to a corresponding outlet of the second set of outlets, and wherein the oil control block and steam control block are coupled to a corresponding mixing chamber of the plurality of mixing chambers.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The fluid injection system of claim 12, wherein the multiflow control blocks are disposed substantially symmetrically on the manifold about the standpipe.

### Claim 14

A fluid injection system for a fluid catalytic cracking unit having a cracking standpipe into which oil, steam, and a catalyst are introduced at elevated pressure and temperature to crack the oil into constituent portions, the fluid injection system comprising:
a manifold having plurality of inner passages for distributing flows of oil and steam through the manifold, a plurality of outlets in fluid communication with the plurality of inner passages;
a plurality of separate mixing chambers arranged around the manifold, each mixing chamber configured to mix oil with steam supplied to the mixing chamber;
a plurality of multiflow control blocks arranged around the manifold, each multiflow control block configured for controlling the flows of oil and steam into a corresponding one of the plurality of mixing chambers from corresponding outlets of the plurality of outlets; and
a plurality of nozzles circumferentially disposed about the standpipe and extending through respective apertures into the standpipe, the plurality of nozzles in fluid communication with the plurality of mixing chambers for directing the oil and steam mixture into the standpipe in a controlled manner for reaction with the catalyst.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The fluid injection system of claim 14, wherein each of the multiflow control blocks includes a plurality of valves for controlling the flows of oil and steam into the corresponding mixing chamber.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The fluid injection system of claim 14, wherein the plurality of inner passages includes at least a first inner passage defining a first plenum for distributing the flow of oil around the manifold to a first set of outlets of the plurality of outlets and a second inner passage defining a second plenum for distributing the flow of steam around the manifold to a second set of outlets of the plurality of outlets.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The fluid injection system of claim 16, wherein each multiflow control block includes an oil control block coupled to a corresponding outlet of the first set of outlets and a steam control block coupled to a corresponding outlet of the second set of outlets, and wherein the oil control block and steam control block are coupled to a corresponding mixing chamber of the plurality of mixing chambers.

### Claim 18 (depends on 14)

The fluid injection system of claim 14, further including a plurality of shutoff valves, each shutoff valve configured to block fluid communication between corresponding ones of the plurality of mixing chambers and plurality of nozzles at the selection of a user.